同频共振:西方战略传播的基础设施和话语体系

Resonance in the Same Frequency:The Infrastructure and Discourse Systemof Western Strategic Communication

俄乌冲突中,互联网平台对于俄罗斯声音的屏蔽和钳制,以及西方媒体界、企业界和文体界对俄罗斯的抵制反映了西方战略传播的同频共振,这种同频共振是在触发了西方共识机制的情形下形成的。从20世纪的两次世界大战的宣传到最近的俄乌冲突的舆论攻势,西方战略传播围绕以“民主”“自由”“平等”“人权”等理念为表征的抽象人性论已经逐渐形成了一套较为成熟的协调行动模式。在战略竞争和军事冲突中,西方战略传播的优势更多体现在政府、企业、媒体、社会组织乃至个人的同频共振。西方战略传播的同频共振需要“硬件”和“软件”的支撑。就硬件而言,西方国家的优势正在受到中国的挑战,某些方面已经被中国赶超。就软件而言,凭借着其强大的政治、经济、军事和传播实力,在特定历史条件下形成的特殊话语系统成为西方国家向全世界进行价值观和意识形态渗透的主要方式、维护霸权的手段和资产阶级推扩其统治思想的“糖衣”。这套话语体系通过具有全球影响力的媒体和文化教育机构的传播和诠释变成所谓的国际社会主流价值共识,同时也是西方战略传播的重要资源。

In the Russia-Ukraine conflict,the blocking and suppression of Russian voices on the Internet platform,as well as the resistance of Western media,business and cultural circles to Russia reflect the resonance of Western strategic communication,which is formed under the circumstances of triggering the Western consensus mechanism.From the propaganda of the two world wars in the 20th century to the public opinion offensive of the recent Russian-Ukraine conflict,the Western strategic communication has gradually formed a relatively mature mode of coordinated action around the abstract values characterized by the concepts of“democracy”,“freedom”,“equality”and“human rights”.In strategic competition and military conflict,the advantages of Western strategic communication are more reflected in the same frequency resonance among governments,enterprises,media,social organizations and even individuals.The same frequency resonance of Western strategic communication needs the support of“hardware”and“software”.In terms of hardware,the West's advantage is being challenged and in some ways surpassed by China.In terms of software,with its strong political,economic,military and communication strength,the special discourse system formed under specific historical conditions has become the main way for Western countries to infiltrate values and ideologies into the world,the means to maintain hegemony,and the“sugar coat”for the bourgeoisie to expand its ruling thoughts.This discourse system has become the mainstream value consensus of the international community through the dissemination and interpretation of media and cultural and educational institutions with global influence,and is also an important resource for Western strategic communication.