“正确的错误观”——论教育场域中的错误及其对待

Right Beliefs on Errors:Argumentation on Errors in Educational Field and Their Treatment

错误在教育中是一个不可避免、不可或缺的要素。如何看待错误,至关重要。错误是判断的结果,而判断需要标准。不同的标准,不同的错误类型。教育场域中的错误主体不单是受教育者,还包括教育者、教育机构。受教育者的错误具有成长与发展等多重意义,而教育者、教育机构的错误则会对受教育者、教育事业造成伤害。因此,教育场域应该树立的“正确的错误观”,包括教育者、教育机构自身错误重于学生错误;对学生“犯错权”最低限度的承认;学生犯错之后的“双向反应”;不同的错误,不同对待;教育优于处罚等。

Error is an inevitable and indispensable element in education.How to treat errors is crucial.Error is the result of a judgment,and judgment requires standards.Different standards have different error types.Subjects that are going wrong in the field of education are not only the educated but also the educators and educational institutions.The errors of the educated have multiple meanings,such as growth and development,while the errors of educators and educational institutions will cause harm to the educated and educational undertakings.Therefore,the educational field should establish right beliefs on errors,including educators' and educational institutions' errors are more serious than those of students,the recognition of the minimum limits of students' right to make mistakes,students' two-way reaction after making mistakes,different errors with different treatment,and education is better than punishment andsoon.