西北太平洋多金属结核矿区沉积物沉降特性研究

Study on the sediment deposition characteristics in the Western Pacific Polymetallic Nodules Mining Area

深海沉积物的沉降特性是计算多金属结核开采引起的羽状流影响范围的重要依据。通过沉积物静水沉降实验,得到了不同粒径组沉积物的沉降速度,并分析了西太平洋深海沉积物的沉降特性。研究结果表明:西太平洋深海海底沉积物主要由黏性细颗粒组成,中值粒径为3~4μm,最大粒径为240.3μm。粒径大于32μm的粗颗粒沉积物的沉降速度在3.33~8.33 mm/s之间,粒径小于32μm的细颗粒沉积物的沉降速度范围在0.01~3.33 mm/s之间。

The deposition characteristics of sediment are an important basis for calculating the influence area of plumes caused by mining of polymetallic nodules.The deposition velocity of different particle size groups wasobtained by the hydrostatic deposition experiment.The deposition characteristics of the deep-sea sediments in the West Pacific were analyzed.The results show that the sediments in the West Pacific deep sea are mainly composed of viscous particles with a median particle size of 3~4μm and a maximum particle size of 240.3μm.The deposition velocity of sediment particles ranges from 0.01 mm/s to 8.33 mm/s.The deposition velocity of coarse sediment ranges from 3.33 mm/s to 8.33 mm/s.The deposition velocity of fine-grained sediments with particle size less than 32μm ranges from 0.01 mm/s to 3.33 mm/s.