从系统视角论海德格尔的“诗意”

On Heidegger's Poetic from the Perspective of System

海德格尔的诗意,不同于日常生活和文学艺术中作为想象和浪漫的诗意,也不同于形而上学史中作为理性自身创造的诗意,而是接受并听从天地人神自身尺度而生产的诗意。理性自身的创造诗意主要呈现在亚里士多德的作为让存在敞开的创作学、康德的作为沟通自然律和道德律的判断力、费希特的自我设定的知识系统表达、谢林的作为宇宙形态构拟的艺术哲学和黑格尔的作为达到绝对精神自身的扬弃环节中,并具体化为古希腊的世界作为自身涌现着的存在者的有序整体,到中世纪转变为作为创造者的上帝的创造物,近代是主体设定的客体或人生产的对象。接受天地人神自身尺度的诗意主要呈现在缪斯女神对荷马的指引、约翰倾听并接受上帝的话语和卢梭遵从人的内在理性的召唤中,并具体化为诗人在等待和持耐中歌唱和思考存在自身给予诗人的尺度。不仅如此,与“诗意”紧密关联的“非诗意”呈现为诗意本性的缺乏,而与“诗意”存在着绝对界限的另一整体“不是诗意”,却能且会跨越自身的边界而走向对方。

Heidegger's poetic is different from the poetic of imagination and romance in daily usage,literature and art,as well as the poetic created by rationality in metaphysical history.Instead,Heidegger's poetic is produced by taking and obeying the demension of heaven,earth,human and god.The meansure-making of rational demension of poetic mainly presents as the creation of being in Aristotle's poetics,as the bridge across natural law and the moral law in Kant's critique of judgment,as the universe form of expression in Fichte's self-setting of knowledge system,as the configuration of the universe in Schelling's the philosophy of art and as the sublation part in Hegel's absolute spirit itself,and those of which embody as the own wholly ordered the emergence of beings in ancient greek,the creation of God's world in the middle ages,and the object of subject setting or the object of human production in modern times.The measure-taking of the demension of heaven,earth,human and god of poetic is mainly presented as the guidance of the muse to homer,the listening to and taking God's word,and the obedience of calling in Rousseau's innermost reason,and those of which embody as the singing and thinking about the demension given by being itself in poets'waiting and holding.Moreover,the"undichterisch",which closely related to"poetic",is presented as the lack of poetic nature,while the other whole"nicht dichterisch",which has an absolute boundary with"poetic",can and will cross its own boundary and move towards poetic.