突现与还原:熊十力本体—宇宙论的突现论思想阐释

Emergence and Reduction:the Emergentism Interpretation of Xiong Shi-li's Ontology-cosmology

以系统科学的突现论思想考察熊十力的本体—宇宙论哲学可以发现,他在宇宙现象界揭示了物质—生命—心灵三大层级不断突现的宇宙演化图景,并通过“推显至隐”和“本隐之显”的双向思维对层级突现给予了本体论的根源性阐释,从而触及了层级突现的动力、条件、全体性以及心脑关系、宇宙目的性、自组织与下向因果关系等问题,实现了层级突现与本体还原方法的有机统一。梳理与比较熊十力从本体论角度阐发的突现论思想与20世纪科学精神主导的突现论思想之间的理论契合和相通点,不仅有利于深入认识中国思想史上的突现论思想资源,而且对推进突现论研究的跨学科发展也有重要的理论启示和参考价值。

To interpret Xiong Shili's ontology-cosmology philosophy from the perspective of the emergence theory of system science,it can be found thathereveals a material-life-mind's hierarchical emergence evolution picture in the layer of cosmic phenomena,then using the two-way thinking of"pushing the explicit to the implicit"and"from the implicit to the explicit"he revealed the ontological origin of the hierarchical emergence.His thought touches upon such issues as the motivation,condition,totality,heart-brain relationship,cosmic purpose,self-organization and downward causality of hierarchical emergence,realizing the organic unity between the hierarchical emergence and the ontology reduction method.Combing and comparing the theoretical correspondence and common points between Xiong Shili's ontological interpretation of emergence and the 20th century's emergentism dominated by the scientific spirit,will not only be helpful to understand the resources of emergentism in the Chinese thought history,but also have important theoretical enlightenment and reference value to promote the interdisciplinary development of the study of emergentism.