敦巴顿橡树园会议前后的大国博弈与小国对策

The games between powers and small nations'actionsbefore and after Dumbarton Oaks Conference

敦巴顿橡树园会议作为联合国筹建过程中的一次重要会议,对战后世界具有不容忽视的重要意义。它确定了联合国的正式名称,为继国际联盟之后的一个新形式的国际组织提供了有意义的蓝图,是将战前、战时和战后时代联系起来的关键节点。也正是因为如此,在敦巴顿橡树园会议召开前后,美、英、苏、中四大国都在谋求战后世界和平安全的前提下,为各自的利益展开了博弈。以阿拉伯国家联盟为代表的区域性联盟则是小国团结起来维护自身在大国掌控的国际组织中的权益的一种方式。

As an important meeting in the process of the preparations for and construction of the United Nations,Dumbarton Oaks Conference was of great significance to the postwar world.It made decision on the official name of UN,and provided a meaningful blueprint for a new form of international organization after the League of Nations,and was the key node to link the pre-war,wartime and post-war eras.It is precisely for this reason,before and after the conference,US,UK,Soviet Union and China all played a game for their own interests on the premise of seeking world peace and security after the war.United States strived for world hegemony,UK wanted to keep its leading position in Europe,Soviet Union tried to win in competition with the western world,while China wanted to establish its own position as a power.At the same time,the regional alliance such as the League of Arabic States was a way for small countries to unite to safeguard their rights and interests in an international organization under the control of the powers.