省域湿地退化风险评价研究——基于地理格网与景观特征单元的多尺度分析

Study on Risk Assessment of Provincial Wetland Degradation—Based on Multi-scale Analysis of Geographical Grids and Landscape Character Units

地理格网与空间单元的划分是将基于多维指标的量化评价结果转化为地理空间信息的关键过程。快速城市化背景下,湿地生态系统的退化风险不仅取决于湿地类型,更取决于其外部环境,而景观特征评估为此提供了一种更加综合整体的空间单元划分方法。以广东省为例,探索基于景观特征评估方法来划分湿地景观特征单元,并采用简单风险指数模型构建基于网格与景观特征单元的多尺度湿地退化风险评价体系。地理格网评价结果有助于识别高退化风险湿地斑块,而湿地景观特征单元为整合高度分散的湿地斑块及其网络提供了多维度、可识别、面向管理的空间边界与框架,为区域生态系统评价与保护的空间划分提供了新思路。

The scale of geographical grid and the division of spatial units are the key processes of transforming the quantitative evaluation results based on multi-dimensional indicators into geospatial information.Under the background of rapid urbanization,the degradation risk of wetland ecosystem not only depends on the type of wetland,but also depends on its external environment.Meanwhile,landscape character assessment(LCA)provides a more comprehensive and integrated method for dividing spatial units.Taking Guangdong Province as an example,this paper explored the division of wetland landscape character units based on LCA,and used a simple risk index model to build a multi-scale wetland degradation risk assessment system that integrates geographical grids and wetland landscape character units.The results of geographical grid evaluation are helpful to identify wetland patches with high degradation risk,and the wetland landscape character units provide a multi-dimensional,identifiable and management oriented spatial boundary and framework for integrating highly dispersed wetland patches and their networks.