美国451例婴儿倾斜睡眠产品伤害监测分析

Surveillance and Analysis of 451 Infants'Injuries Associated with Inclined Sleep Products from the United States

目的通过分析美国消费品安全委员会(Consumer Product Safety Commission,CPSC)对婴儿倾斜睡眠产品的伤害监测数据及其伤害干预方法,为我国开展相关产品伤害监测与干预提供借鉴。方法本文通过婴儿倾斜睡眠产品来研究美国的产品伤害监测与干预方法,重点分析美国倾斜式睡眠产品专项调查研究数据,对伤害事件中的年龄分布、临床信息、产品缺陷等数据进行统计,分析伤害产生的原因,讨论干预策略。结果婴儿睡眠产品伤害与产品设计缺陷的关联度较大,其中一个重要的指标就是产品表面倾斜角度。当此类产品表面倾斜角在20度以上时,倾斜将使婴儿面临肌肉疲劳和窒息的风险;而10度及以下的倾斜不会显著影响婴儿运动或肌肉活动。一个不超过10度倾斜度的表面或更平坦的表面可以为婴儿提供最安全的睡眠环境。结论婴儿倾斜睡眠产品伤害具有事故多发和致死率高等特点,其产品安全问题需要得到包括中国在内的世界范围高度关注,而美国婴儿倾斜睡眠产品伤害监测与干预工作经验对我国开展同类工作具有重要借鉴意义。

Objective Using the surveillance and intervention data of infant inclined sleep products?injury from the Consumer Product Safety Commission(CPSC),this paper aimed to provide reference for Chinese products?injury surveillance and intervention.Methods The product injury surveillance and intervention methods in the United States were studied through infant inclined sleep products,focusing on analysis of the special investigation data of the United States inclined sleep products,Excel software was used to provide statistics on the age distribution,clinical information,product defects and other injury events;to analyze causes of injury,and to discuss intervention strategies.Results There was a high correlation between infant sleep product injury and product design defects.One of the important indicators was the product surface inclined angle.When the surface inclined angle was more than 20 degrees,the inclined surface exposed the baby to the risk of muscle fatigue and sufiocation.The inclined surface at 10 degrees or less did not significantly affect movement or muscle activity.A surface with no more than 10 degrees of slope or a flatter surface provided the safest sleeping environment for infants.Conclusions Injuries from infant inclined sleep products were characterized by frequent accidents and high fatality rate,therefore their product safety needs to more carefully considered around the world.In addition,experience from the United States on surveillance and intervention of infant inclined sleep products provided important reference for China to carry out similar work.