疾痛叙事的医学与社会文化维度分析

Analysis on Medical and Social Cultural Dimensions of Illness Narrative

疾痛叙事(illness narrative)是病人基于对身体不适反应的切身感受而做出的具体阐释,其内容包括疾痛体验对病人日常生活、社会关系和自我认同的影响,以及疾病在宏观文化价值体系内的种种污名和隐喻与病人疾痛体验之间的作用关系。从疾痛叙事与医学化的关系及其概念内涵,以及其在社会文化领域的应用和表现出发,探求疾痛(illness)与疾病(disease)两对概念在人类学和生物医学两种学术场域中的差异、疾痛意义的构成方式、意义产生的过程以及被意义所决定的社会环境和心理反应,并说明疾痛体验根植于个体的生活现实之中,也受到社会关系和文化价值观的强烈影响,其并非仅是简单的个体经验,而亦可以作为一种兼具医学性和社会性的语言用以沟通,具有深刻的文化意义。

Illness narrative is a concrete explanation of physical discomfort reaction of patients,which includes the influence of illness experience on patients'daily life,social relations and self-identity,as well as the functional relationship between the cultural metaphor of diseases and patients'illness experience.Starting from the relationship between the illness narrative and medicalization,its concept connotation,and its application and performance in the social and cultural fields,this paper explores the differences between illness and diseases in the anthropology and biomedicine fields,the formation of the meaning of illness,the process of its emergence,and its social environment and psychological reaction determined by meaning.It also shows that disease experience is rooted in individual life reality and strongly influenced by social relations and cultural values.It is not only a simple individual experience,but also a language connects both medical and social characteristics,causing deep cultural significance.