新周期中日男子自由操项目编排特征与竞技实力对比研究

A Comparative Study on the Characteristics and Competitive Strength of Chinese and Japanese Men's Free Exercise in the New Cycle

运用文献资料法、录像观察法、专家访谈法和数理统计法等研究方法对巴黎奥运新周期规则下全日体操锦标赛和全国体操锦标赛自由操决赛8名运动员的成套动作编排及成绩进行分析,探索自由操项目的竞争格局与发展趋势,为我国运动员提升自由操项目整体实力提供建议。结果显示:(1)新规则开局之年,中日都表现出对新规则不同程度及方向的理解。这种理解充分展现在对自由操动作的编排上。(2)在自由操整体实力对比上,我国与日本还有一定程度的差距,这种差距主要体现在难度上。(3)对比赛进行斯皮尔曼等级相关系数分析,得出难度分相对排名与最后名次极显著性相关(P<0.01)。建议:深刻理解规则,把握发展趋势;合理开发高难动作,优化动作编排;科技助力,最大限度提升我国自由操整体竞技实力。

Using the methods of literature,video observation and mathematical statistics,this paper analyzes the arrangement and results of the complete sets of movements of eight athletes in the floor exercise finals of the all day gymnastics championships and the national gymnastics championships under the new cycle rules,explores the competition pattern and development trend of the floor exercise,and provides suggestions for Chinese athletes to improve the overall strength of the floor exercise.The results show that:(1)In the opening year of the new rules,both China and Japan showed their understanding of the new rules to varying degrees and directions.This understanding is fully demonstrated in the arrangement of free exercise movements.(2)In the comparison of the overall strength of free exercise,there is a certain gap between China and Japan,which is mainly reflected in the difficulty.(3)Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis of the competition showed that the relative ranking of difficulty scores was highly correlated with the final ranking(P<0.01).Suggestions:Deeply understand the rules and grasp the development trend;Reasonably develop difficult movements and optimize the arrangement of movements;Science and technology help to maximize the overall competitive strength of free exercise in China.