基于认知负荷理论的“食品原料学”系列微课设计——以“鲜肉的颜色”为例

Design of the Series of Micro-lesson for Food Material Based on Cognitive Load Theory:Taking the Color of Fresh Meat as an Example

认知负荷理论现已成为学习与教学领域最有影响力的理论框架之一。混合式教学正在成为未来教育的“新常态”,而系列微课是混合式教学设计的重要内容,是成功开展混合式教学的关键。针对“食品原料学”课程“鲜肉的颜色”这一教学内容,应用认知负荷理论,通过重构教学内容降低内在认知负荷,通过创设情境、设计多媒体降低外在认知负荷,通过信息打包、知识可视化、样例学习的设计及学生想象的设计增加相关认知负荷,通过悬念和认知冲突的设计激发学生的积极情绪对系列微课进行设计。实践表明,该系列微课能促进有效学习,其中所用的应用方法可操作性强、适用范围广,可推广应用于交互性强的复杂知识的系列微课设计上。

Cognitive load theory has become one of the most influential theoretical frameworks in the field of learning and teaching.Blended teaching is becoming the new normal of future education,and the series of micro-lesson is an important part of blended teaching design and the key to successful blended teaching.For the teaching content of'color of fresh meat'in the course of food material,the cognitive load theory was applied to design the series of micro-lesson.In the series of micro-lesson,the internal cognitive load was reduced by reconstructing the teaching content,the external cognitive load was reduced by creating situations and multimedia design,the germane cognitive load was increased by information packaging,knowledge visualization,worked-examples learning design and students'imagination design,the positive emotions in students was stimulated through the design of suspense and cognitive conflict.Practice showed that the series of micro-lesson could promote effective learning,and the application methods used were highly operable and had a wide range of applications,which could be extended to the design of the series of micro-lesson with highly interactive and complex knowledge.