2020年新会区中小学生视力低下现状及影响因素

Analysis on the status and influential factors of poor eyesight amongprimary and secondary school students in Xinhui district in 2020

目的 分析2020年新会区中小学生视力现状及视力低下的影响因素,为促进学生视力健康提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2020年抽取新会区小学2所、初中2所、高中1所共1 449名学生进行裸眼远视力检测及问卷调查,应用χ2检验和二分类Logistic回归模型分析视力低下的影响因素。结果 2020年新会区中小学生视力低下检出率为73.15%,视力低下与非视力低下学生在性别、学段、城乡差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别=14.104、57.219、80.493,均P<0.01)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,偶尔走路或乘车时阅读(OR=1.530,95%CI:1.119~2.093)、父母双方均近视(OR=3.971,95%CI:2.449~6.440)为视力低下的危险因素;每2~3个月调整1次课桌椅高度(OR=0.517,95%CI:0.353~0.756)、参加60 min以上中高强度运动(OR=0.917,95%CI:0.865~0.971)、每天睡眠8 h以上(OR=0.508,95%CI:0.315~0.821)是中小学生视力低下的保护因素。结论 视力低下是多因素作用的结果,应制定综合性防控方案,有针对性地采取防控措施,减少视力低下的发生。

Objective To provide evidence for student eye health promotion,this paper analyzed the status and the influ-ential factors of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students in Xinhui in 2020.Methods By stratified clus-ter random sampling,a total of 1449 students from 2 primary schools,2 junior high schools and 1 senior high school in Xin-hui in 2020 were selected to detect the visual acuity of their naked eyes and to finish the questionnaire.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influential factors of poor eyesight.Results The detection rate of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students in Xinhui in 2020 was 73.15%.The gender,grade,and area(urban or rural)differences were statistically significant between students with poor eyesight and those with normal eyesight(χ^(2)=14.104,57.219,80.493,P<0.001).The binary logistic regression analysis showed that occasionally reading while walking or riding(OR=1.530,95%CI:1.119-2.093),myopic parents(OR=3.971,95%CI:2.449-6.440)were risk fac-tors for poor eyesight;while adjustment of the height of seats and tables once every two or three months(OR=0.517,95%CI:0.353-0.756),medium or high intensity exercise for at least 60 minutes(OR=0.917,95%CI:0.865-0.971),more than 8 hours’sleep every day(OR=0.508,95%CI:0.315-0.821)were protective measurements.Conclusion Poor eye-sight was the result of multiple factors.Comprehensive and preventive plans should be formulated and executed to reduce the occurrence of poor eyesight.