姜黄素对大口黑鲈生长性能和非特异性免疫的影响

Effects of Curcumin on Growth Performance and Non-Specific Immunity of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides

为探讨姜黄素对大口黑鲈生长性能及非特异性免疫的影响,进行为期60d的试验。配制姜黄素水平为0(对照组)、15、30、60、120、240mg/kg的6组试验饲料,每组3个平行,每个平行30尾鱼,试验鱼平均体质量为(4.17±0.39)g。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,60mg/kg姜黄素添加组的质量增加率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05),30mg/kg和60mg/kg组饲料系数显著下降(P<0.05);30 mg/kg和60mg/kg姜黄素添加组血液中的白细胞数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组间红细胞、血红蛋白无显著差异;随着姜黄素含量的增加,血液中的谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶含量先降后升,与对照组相比,60mg/kg组谷丙转氨酶显著降低(P<0.05),60mg/kg和120mg/kg组谷草转氨酶显著降低(P<0.05),总蛋白、球蛋白含量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);30、60mg/kg和120mg/kg姜黄素添加补体替代途径活力(ACH50)显著升高(P<0.05);姜黄素添加组肿瘤坏死因子-α活性显著升高(P<0.05);60mg/kg姜黄素添加组的肝脏白细胞介素-1β活力最高;60mg/kg姜黄素添加量显著提高了肝脏中PrxⅠ、PrxⅡ、PrxⅣ、PrxⅤ、PrxⅥ基因相对表达水平(P<0.05)。综上所述,60mg/kg的姜黄素添加量可提高大口黑鲈的生长性能、非特异性免疫反应及抗氧化能力,为日粮中的最适添加水平。

The 60-day feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of different dietary curcumin levels on growth performance,and non-specific immunity for largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides with body weight of(4.17±0.39)g.Purified basal diets were formulated,containing curcumin of 0(control),15,30,60,120,and 240 mg/kg diet.Each diet was fed to triplicate groups,30 fish each group.The results showed that:(1)compared with the control group,the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)were significantly higher in 60 mg/kg group than that in the others(P<0.05),and the FCR(feed conversion ratio)was lowest in 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups,but there was no significant differences in viscerosomatic index(VSI),hepatosomatic index(HSI)among the experimental groups(P>0.05).(2)White blood cell(WBC)number were significantly higher in 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups than that in control group(P<0.05),there was no significant differences in red blood cell(RBC)and HGB(hemoglobin)among all groups(P>0.05).(3)With the increase in dietary curcumin supplementation,the alanine amino transferase(ALT)and aspartate amino transferase(AST)activities were decreased first and then increased,alanine amino transferase(ALT)reached the lowest level when dietary curcumin supplementation was 60 mg/kg than others(P<0.05),and aspartate amino transferase(AST)reached the lowest level when dietary curcumin supplementation were 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in total protein(TP)and globular proteins(GLB)among groups(P>0.05).(4)Compared with the control group,the activities of ACH50 in 30,60 and 120 mg/kg groups were significantly higher(P<0.05),and in groups with curcumin TNF-αwere significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The IL-1βactivity was the highest in 60 mg/kg group.(5)In 60 mg/kg group,the expression of PrxⅠ,PrxⅡ,PrxⅣ,PrxⅤ,and PrxⅥgenes was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,the dietary with 60 mg/kg curcumin can improve the growth performance,non-specific immune response and antioxidant capacity of M.salmoides,which is the optimal dietary supplemental level.