改进型橡胶隔震支座力学性能研究

Study on mechanical property of improved rubber isolation bearings

隔震结构设计的关键环节在于隔震层中隔震支座的设计.在实际隔震设计中,隔震支座水平刚度越小,对应隔震效果越突出,与此同时,隔震支座还要满足罕遇地震下足够的变形要求以防止其超限破坏,因此,设计中对于隔震支座的刚度需求存在一定的矛盾.本文以多级设防为目标,在普通橡胶支座的基础上设计出改进型隔震支座,通过数值模拟分析,研究该支座的力学性能、耗能能力,最终建立简化恢复力模型.研究结果表明:改进型隔震支座在不同工况下能表现出变刚度特性,通过合理设计可以有效地解决传统橡胶支座存在的矛盾问题.

The key link of isolation structure design is the design of isolation bearing in isolation layer.In the actual isolation design,the smaller the horizontal stiffness of the isolation bearing is,the more prominent the isolation effect is.At the same time,the isolation bearing also needs to meet enough deformation requirements under rare earthquakes to prevent its out-of-limit failure.Therefore,there are certain contradictions in the stiffness requirements of the isolation bearing in the design.In this paper,aiming at multi-level fortification,an improved isolation bearing is designed on the basis of ordinary rubber bearing.Through numerical simulation analysis,the mechanical properties and energy dissipation capacity of the bearing are studied,and a simplified restoring force model is finally established.The results show that the improved isolation bearings can show variable stiffness characteristics under different working conditions,and the contradiction problems existing in the traditional rubber bearings can be effectively resolved by rational design.