抗寒早熟杏新品种吉露的选育

A new cold resistant and early ripening apricot cultivar Jilu

吉露杏是以龙垦2号杏为母本,骆驼黄杏为父本人工杂交育成。平均单果质量47.2g,果实为卵圆形,果皮红,果肉黄,肉质硬溶,果汁含量多,香气浓,纤维中,离核,甜仁,缝合线浅,果顶平。总糖含量8.28%,总酸含量0.83%,可溶性固形物含量13.0%。树姿半开张,树势中庸,生长势中。4月上旬至中旬花芽萌动,4月下旬开花(公主岭),花期持续5~7d。露地栽培7月上旬果实成熟,果实发育期约65d。吉林省无霜期≥125d,≥10℃有效积温2700℃以上地区可引种或试栽。

Jilu is a new early maturing cultivar derived from the hybrids of Nongken 2(female parent)and Luotuohuang(male parent).112 hybrid seeds were obtained in 1992,and they were sowed in 1993,and 82 hybrid seedlings were obtained.The strain(code 92-2-6)was selected in 2010 for the advantag-es of early maturity,high quality,sweet kernel,etc.It was propagated by top grafting for further obser-vation in 2011,and the regional trials wer carried out in 2014 in Gongzhuling,Changchun,Panshi and Jilin.The production trials were carried out in 2017,and tree yield experiments were carried out in 2019,2020 and 2021.The tree is medium in size.The tree form is half open,the annual branches are reddish-brown,with an average length of 98 cm,with round leaves,sharp tips,and truncated leaf bases.The petals are white.The bud burst date is early April and flowering date is late April in Gongzhuling area.The blooming date is the middle of April(Gongzhuling),and the fruit development period is about 65 days.It is an early maturing variety,with strong resistance to cold,brown rot and bacterial perfora-tion.The fruit is oval,with an average weight of 47.2 g,longitudinal diameter of 4.83 cm,lateral diame-ter of 4.35 cm and transverse diameter of 4.87 cm.The fruit has flat apex and shallow sutures.The base color of fruit peel is yellow,the cover color is red,and the coloring mode is red.The flesh is yellow,hard,soluble,juicy,with medium aroma,medium fiber and freestone.The average soluble solid content is 13.0%,soluble sugar 8.28%and titratable acid 0.83%.The flavor is sweet sour,and the quality is ex-cellent.In Jilin Province,it could be introduced for trial planting in the areas with frost free period over 125 days,effective accumulated temperature(over 10℃)over 2700℃.