陕西成年人慢性病共病现状及其影响因素和共病模式研究

Prevalence,associated factors and patterns of multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases among adults in Shaanxi Province

目的了解陕西省成年人慢性病共病的现状及其影响因素和共病模式,为慢性病预防和控制提供依据。方法采用“西北区域自然人群队列研究”陕西课题基线调查的数据,以≥18岁的成年人为研究对象。采用多分类Logistic回归模型探讨共病的影响因素,采用探索性因子分析提取共病模式。结果44442名研究对象的共病患病率为10.7%。年龄增加、男性、城市人群、超重和肥胖为共病的危险因素。男性患共病的风险高于女性,OR(95%CI)为1.25(1.12~1.39)。随着年龄增加患共病的风险增加,以18.0~34.9岁为参照组,35.0~44.9岁、45.0~54.9岁、55.0~64.9岁和≥65.0岁者患共病的OR(95%CI)依次为4.73(3.47~6.46)、15.61(11.60~21.00)、41.39(30.76~55.70)和90.04(66.58~121.77)。陕西成年人的共病模式主要为心血管代谢共病(5.4%)、内脏-关节共病(1.0%)和呼吸系统共病(0.3%)。结论超过十分之一的陕西成年人患有共病,以心血管代谢共病为主。应加强中老年人、男性、城市人群、超重和肥胖者的慢性病防控,并重点防控心血管代谢性疾病。

Objective To estimate the prevalence,associated factors and patterns of multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases among adults in Shaanxi Province so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases.Methods We used the data of adults aged 18 years and older collected in the baseline survey of Shaanxi Project in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China.Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors for multimorbidity.Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract patterns of multimorbidity.Results The prevalence of multimorbidity was 10.7%among the 44442 participants.Age increase,being males,urban residence,and being overweight or obesity were positively associated with multimorbidity.Compared with women,men had a higher risk of multimorbidity.The OR and 95%CI was 1.25(1.12-1.39).The risk of multimorbidity increased with age among adults.Compared with participants aged 18.0-34.9 years,the ORs and 95%CIs of those aged 35.0-44.9,45.0-54.9,55.0-64.9,and≥65.0 years were 4.73(3.47-6.46),15.61(11.60-21.00),41.39(30.76-55.70)and 90.04(66.58-121.77),respectively.The primary multimorbidity patterns among adults in Shaanxi were cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity(5.4%),viscero-articular multimorbidity(1.0%),and respiratory multimorbidity(0.3%).Conclusion More than one in ten adults in Shaanxi Province had multimorbidity,and the predominant pattern of multimorbidity was cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity.The prevention and control of non-communicable diseases should be reinforced in middle-aged and older people,males,people living in the urban,and overweight or obese people.More attention should be paid to the prevention and control of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases.