荧光纳米材料的研究进展

Research progress of fluorescent nanomaterials

荧光纳米粒子(NPs)是过去十年研究和开发的主要焦点。与传统的荧光有机染料相比,荧光纳米颗粒具有独特的化学和光学特性,如更亮的荧光、更高的光稳定性和更高的生物相容性。此外,纳米颗粒还可以作为实现超分子组装的多价支架,因为它们的高表面体积比允许不同的空间域被功能化,这可以为实现不同的传感方案提供一个多功能的合成平台。本文综述了包括半导体NPs(量子点)、金属NPs、二氧化硅NPs等荧光纳米粒子近年来的研究进展,典型的例子展示了荧光纳米材料,包括半导体纳米晶体,金属纳米颗粒,硅基纳米材料是如何制造的。本文还讨论了荧光NPs在市场地位相关的挑战。

Fluorescent nanoparticles have been the focus of research and development in the past decade.Compared with traditional fluorescent organic dyes,fluorescent nanoparticles have unique chemical and optical properties,such as brighter fluorescence,higher light stability,and higher biocompatibility.In addition,nanoparticles(NPs)can also be used as multivalent scaffolds for supramolecular assembly,because their high surface-area-to-volume ratio allows different domains to be functionalized,which can provide a multifunctional synthesis platform for different sensing schemes.This paper reviews the research progress of fluorescent nanoparticles including semiconductor NPs(quantum dots),metal NPs and silica NPs in recent years.Typical examples show how fluorescent nanomaterials,including semiconductor nanocrystals,metal nanoparticles and silicon-based nanomaterials,are manufactured.The challenges related to the market position of fluorescent NPs are also discussed.