常见口腔问题及其护理进展

Research progress on the oral problems and their nursing methods

口腔是人体摄入外界食物的重要途径,其健康水平对于人体至关重要。缺乏正确的口腔护理会引发口腔溃疡、牙周病、龋齿、口腔异味等多种口腔问题,甚至影响糖尿病、心血管疾病、脑卒中、多器官炎症等系统性疾病。持续、有效的口腔护理措施可保持口腔清洁并预防多种口腔问题的发生。近年来,随着我国日化品市场的不断发展,人们对于口腔的护理意识愈发强烈,寻找安全、有效的口腔护理产品也越来越受到大批化妆品企业以及消费者的重点关注。文章从常见口腔问题的种类出发,分析了引发多种口腔问题的外界及人体自身影响因素,并对当前口腔护理的现状及天然提取物在口腔护理中的应用进行了综述,旨在为口腔护理产品提供参考依据。

The oral cavity is the initial path of the human digestive system,which is essential to people’s health.Lack of proper oral nursing leads to a variety of oral problems including oral ulcers,periodontal disease,dental caries,bad breath,etc.Oral problems not only negatively affect the normal quality of life,pronunciation,and personal appearance,but also affect systemic diseases such as diabetes,cardiovascular disease,stroke,and multi-organ inflammation.Oral problems are affected by the immune status of human body and various external stimuli such as tobacco and alcohol.Consistent and effective oral care can clean the mouth and prevent many oral problems.However,some active ingredients in traditional oral care products usually have many side effects.For example,chlorhexidine mouthwash,which is commonly used in oral nursing,has side effects such as allergic reactions and numbness of the tongue.In recent years,with the continuous development of daily chemical products,people’s awareness of oral care has become stronger and stronger,and the search for safe and effective oral care products has also received more and more attention from cosmetic companies and consumers.Herein,several common oral problems in daily life were introduced.The factors that could result in oral problems were reviewed,such as the oral microecology,aging,nutritional status,and other external substances.In addition,some existing nursing measures for oral problems were introduced.Many new natural actives with antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties were introduced,such as curcumin,hyaluronic acid,ergothioneine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate.Their possible effects in oral cavity were analyzed from multiple perspectives,such as inhibiting pathogenic bacteria,anti-inflammation,and promoting collagen production.The applications of natural extracts in oral nursing were reviewed,aiming to provide a reference for oral care products.