西安地区阴道炎患者阴道微生态特征分析

Microecological characteristics of vaginitis patients in Xi'an

目的了解西安地区女性阴道微生态基本情况和混合性阴道炎病原特征,为临床诊治提供参考。方法选取2021年1月—2022年5月西安交通大学第一附属医院妇产科门诊就诊女性20218例,进行阴道分泌物细菌形态学和功能学检测,分析阴道微生态检测结果。结果20218例女性中,有50.6%检出阴道微生态失衡,疾病类型主要为细菌性阴道病(BV,28.3%)、外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC,20.0%)、需氧菌性阴道炎(AV,15.2%)。10222例阴道微生态失衡女性中,单纯性阴道炎患者占61.6%(6293例),混合性阴道炎患者占38.4%(3929例)。混合性阴道炎患者疾病组合主要为BV+AV(54.98%)、BV+VVC(16.14%)、AV+BV+VVC(13.01%)、AV+BV+滴虫性阴道炎(TV)(8.00%)。有1119例阴道炎患者为复发病例,其中533例(47.6%)为单纯性阴道炎病例,586例(52.4%)为混合性阴道炎病例。结论西安地区女性混合性阴道炎发病率较高,阴道微生态评价可帮助临床及时了解患者阴道感染的具体情况,为难治性阴道感染的诊断和治疗提供参考。

Objective To study the pathogenic characteristics of female vaginal microecology and mixed vaginitis in Xi'an,and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 20218 outpatients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University from January 2021 to May 2022 were enrolled.The bacterial morphology and function of vaginal secretions were determined.The results of vaginal microecological tests of these patients were analyzed.Results The 50.6%females were with vaginal dysbiosis.The main diseases were bacterial vaginitis(BV)(28.3%),vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)(20.0%)and aerobic vaginitis(AV)(15.2%).In the 10222 vaginal dysbiosis females,61.6%cases were simple vaginitis(6293 cases),and 38.4%cases were mixed vaginitis(3929 cases).The proportions of mixed infection BV+AV,BV+VVC,AV+BV+VVC and AV+BV+trichomonal vaginitis(TV)were 54.98%,16.14%,13.01%and 8.00%,respectively.Vaginitis recurred in 1119 cases,with simple vaginitis accounting for 47.6%(533 cases)and mixed vaginitis accounting for 52.4%(586 cases).Conclusions Mixed vaginitis has a high incidence of clinical infection.Using vaginal microecological tests for the identification of vaginal infection may provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of refractory vaginal infection.