温庭筠段成式晚年经历交游考

A Study of Wen Tingyun and Duan Chengshi's Experience and Friendship in Their Later Years

温庭筠咸通初年从荆州东归吴中旧乡,路由广陵,受辱,亲至京师谒公卿诉冤的史籍记载并不足信。温氏实于大中十年(856)贬隋县尉,旋被徐商延至襄阳节度使幕府,前后五年。此间,温庭筠与隐居襄阳岘山的段成式开始交往。大中十四年段氏出任江州刺史后,二人仍有诗文往还。咸通二年(861)秋,段成式结束江州刺史任,曾短暂寓居荆南萧邺幕,再与温庭筠重逢。至迟咸通三年夏,温庭筠离荆抵京,与先期回到北方的段成式续有诗歌寄赠。温庭筠咸通中没有任何东归吴中的条件,作于大中十年首途隋县的《商山早行》等诗中的“故乡”,只能是作为第二故乡的长安鄠郊别墅,而非早已旧业荒凉的吴中旧乡。

In the early years of Xiantong in the Tang dynasty,Wen Tingyun returned from Jingzhou to his hometown in Wuzhong and then was humiliated in Guangling.He went to the capital to redress his injustice to his officials,of which the historical records are incredible.In the 10th year of Dazhong(856),Wen was demoted to the Sui County Commandant,and was transferred to Xiangyang by Xu Shang,which lasted for five years.During this period,Wen Tingyun began to associate with Duan Chengshi,who lived in Xian Mountain in Xiangyang.After Duan's appointment as Jiangzhou secretariat in the 14th year of Dazhong,they still contacted with poems.In the autumn of the second year of Xiantong(861),Duan Chengshi ended his tenure as Jiangzhou secretariat,once lived in Xiaoye Jingnan,and then reunited with Wen Tingyun.In the summer of the third year in Xiantong,Wen Tingyun reached Beijing and continued to send poems to Duan Chengshi,who had returned to the north in advance.Therefore,Wen Tingyun didn't have any conditions to return Wuzhong during Xiantong period.The"hometown"in poems such as Morning Trip to Shangshan written in Sui County can only be the villa in the suburbs of Chang'an as the second hometown,rather than the old hometown of Wuzhong,which had long been desolate.