超高速磨削机床主轴空间误差激光补偿方法研究

Research on laser compensation method for spindle space error of ultra-high-speed grinding machine tool

研究超高速磨削机床主轴空间误差激光补偿方法,合理测量超高速磨削机床主轴空间误差后,提出可行的补偿方法。利用模态分析方法,分析超高速磨削机床主轴的运动特性,获取超高速磨削机床主轴加工时的频率与振型,依据主轴运动特性,测量超高速磨削机床主轴空间误差;构建空间误差测量系统,并向机床内安装激光跟踪仪,将跟踪仪测量的结果传输至空间误差测量系统,空间误差测量系统采用克里金差值方法,获取主轴固定点范围内的空间误差,得到大量的空间误差样本;利用雅可比矩阵方法,补偿若干空间误差样本,得到超高速磨削机床主轴运动状态下的误差补偿量。经实验验证:该方法测量得到的空间误差与实际误差十分接近,经补偿后采用该机床加工的工件表面粗糙度更低,且表面纹理误差与轮廓的偏斜度更小。

The laser compensation method of spindle space error of ultra-high-speed grinding machine tool is studied and a feasible compensation method is proposed after reasonably measuring the spindle space error of ultrahigh speed grinding machine tool.The modal analysis method is used to analyze the motion characteristics of the spindle of the ultra-high-speed grinding machine tool,obtain the frequency and mode shape of the spindle of the ultrahigh-speed grinding machine tool,and measure the spindle space error of the ultra-high-speed grinding machine according to the spindle motion characteristics.The spatial error measurement system is constructed,and a laser tracker is installed in the machine tool,and the results of the tracker measurement are transmitted to the spatial error measurement system,and the spatial error measurement system adopts the kriging difference method to obtain the spatial error within the fixed point of the spindle and obtain a large number of spatial error samples;Using the Jacobi matrix method,several spatial error samples are compensated to obtain the error compensation amount in the motion state of the spindle of the ultra-high-speed grinding machine tool.The experimental verification show that the spatial error measured by this method is very close to the actual error and the surface roughness of the workpiece processed by this machine tool is lower after compensation,and the surface texture error and the contour deflection are smaller.