注视喜欢效应中的采择机制

Perspective Taking in Gaze-Liking-Effect

为探究视觉观点采择在注视喜欢效应产生过程中的作用,对点观点采择范式进行改编,通过操纵字母位置来改变其对于虚拟人的可见性,要求被试对虚拟人可见或不可见字母的喜爱程度做出评价。结果发现,被试对虚拟人可见字母的喜爱程度显著高于不可见字母,且这种喜欢效应的产生不是由他人的注意力引导或目标物的位置决定的,而是由于人们对他人的视觉观点信息进行了加工,从而引发了对他人可见字母的喜欢效应。结果表明,视觉观点采择在喜欢效应的产生机制中起着重要作用。

Gaze plays an important role in transmitting information in social interactions.People are cued by the direction of others’attention and respond faster to the target object looking toward rather than away from it.Current evidence suggests that eye gaze also led to changes in people’s affective evaluation of objects.Compared with objects that are looked away,people usually have a higher degree of liking for objects that are looked at by others,which is called the gaze-liking-effect.However,it is still unclear how visual perspective taking influence the processing mechanism of the gaze-liking-effect.Therefore,we adapted the classical dots perspective task,and manipulated the position of letters to change their visibility to the agent.Subsequently,participants were asked to provide ratings related to their preferences for different letters.The results of the three experiments showed that participants preferred the visible letters of the agent to the invisible letters.More importantly,we observed that the gaze-liking-effect was not due to the attentional cues or positional distance of the target stimulus.Instead,our findings suggest that this effect is mediated by the ability to infer others’visual perspectives,implying a social and cognitive basis for the gaze-liking-effect.In conclusion,visual perspective taking plays an important role in the generation of the gaze-liking-effect.