含间隙渐开线花键副动力学建模与实验研究

Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Study of Involute Spline Pairs with Clearance

渐开线花键在特种车辆传动系统中应用广泛,现阶段研究通常忽略间隙影响将花键副视为刚性连接,对于传动系统等动态特性要求较高的环境,花键副界面接触状态直接影响传动系统的特性。考虑花键副的配合间隙采用悬臂梁模型计算花键单齿啮合刚度,建立了渐开线花键副弯-扭耦合模型,通过龙格库塔法求解并搭建花键副动力学实验台,验证了解析模型的正确性,分析了加速度频谱特性。研究结果发现:在不同的转频下,理论与实验结果一致,证明了模型的有效性;随着配合间隙的增大,花键副各齿受力减小,且同一间隙量下各齿受力不均匀。提出的动力学模型分析方法可为间隙配合渐开线花键副界面接触特性研究提供基础。

Involute splines are widely used in the transmission system of special vehicles.At present,the spline pair is regarded as rigid connection,and the interface contact state of spline pairs directly affects the characteristics of the transmission system in the environment where the dynamic characteristics of the transmission system are highly required.Considering the fit clearance of spline pairs,the engagement stiffness of spline single teeth is calculated using the cantilever beam model,and the bending-torsional coupling model of involute spline pairs is established.The Runge-Kuta method is used to solve the model,the dynamics test platform is built to verify the correctness of the analytical model,and the acceleration spectrum characteristics are analysed.The research results show that the theoretical and experimental results are consistent under different rotational frequencies,which proves the validity of the model.With the increase of the clearance,the force of each spline pair tooth decreases,and the force of each tooth is not uniform under the same clearance amount.The proposed dynamic model analysis method can provide a basis for the study of interface contact characteristics of involute splines in clearance fit.