纳米CuCr_(2)O_(4)在HTPB复合推进剂中应用的安全性及燃烧机理

Safety and combustion mechanism of HTPB composite propellant with nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)

为提高纳米CuCr_(2)O_(4)(n-CuCr_(2)O_(4))燃烧效能,阐明其促进HTPB复合推进剂燃烧的机理,研究了n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)分散方法,探讨了n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)对复合推进剂安全性和燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,癸二酸二异辛酯(DOS)可使n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)颗粒充分分散,颗粒粒径为50 nm。将DOS与乙酸乙酯混合作为分散液,n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)/分散液为12/100,超声分散30 min,n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)可以有效分散,使推进剂燃速提高1.5%。在含量均为2.5%时,含n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)推进剂的燃速虽然低于含卡托辛的,但是摩擦感度和撞击感度均降低。与微米CuCr_(2)O_(4)相比,n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)与卡托辛配合使用,使推进剂的摩擦感度由68%降低至52%,扩散火焰燃烧更充分,燃烧波温度分布曲线的斜率较大,4 MPa下为3.54×10^(4)℃/s,而含微米级CuCr_(2)O_(4)推进剂的燃烧波温度分布曲线斜率为2.06×10^(4)℃/s,明显促进了推进剂燃烧,而且随压力增加,这种趋势更加明显。

In order to improve the combustion efficiency and analyze catalysis combustion mechanism of n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)(n-CuCr_(2)O_(4))on HTPB composite propellant,the dispersion method of n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)was discussed,and effects of n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)on the safety and combustion performance of composite propellants were investigated.The results show that diisooctyl sebacate(DOS)can make n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)particles fully dispersed,and the particle size is 50 nm.Taking the mixed DOS/ethyl acetate as dispersion liquid,the ratio of n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)and dispersion liquid is 12/100,then ultrasonically disperse 30 min,n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)can be effectively dispersed in HTPB propellant,the burning rate of propellant can be increased by 1.5%.At the same content of 2.5%,the burning rate of propellant containing n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)is lower than that of propellant with catocene,but both friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity are reduced.Compared with micron-CuCr_(2)O_(4),the friction sensitivity of propellant using n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)and catocene together is reduced from 68%to 52%,and the diffusion flame burns more fully;the slope of the temperature distribution curve of the combustion wave,which is 3.54×10^(4)℃/s at 4 MPa,is larger than that of the propellant with micron-grade CuCr_(2)O_(4)(2.06×10^(4)℃/s);the results show that n-CuCr_(2)O_(4)obviously promotes propellant combustion,with the increase of pressure,the trend is more obvious,which is also consistent with burning rate of the propellant with n-CuCr_(2)O_(4).