氮磷钾肥配施对旱地马铃薯产量及养分利用效率的影响

Effect of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Combination on Yield and Nutrient Utilization Efficiency of Potato in Dryland

针对干旱缺水影响马铃薯养分吸收与利用的问题,开展旱作条件下增施氮磷钾肥对旱地马铃薯产量效益的影响研究。结果表明,增施氮肥、钾肥对提高马铃薯商品薯率及产量较为明显,与马铃薯需肥规律一致;无磷处理、氮磷钾处理较不施肥处理增产45.5%、70.5%,纯收入增加274.09、432.84元/667 m2。马铃薯对氮磷钾当季综合利用率为43.53%,氮肥当季利用率为24.01%,磷肥当季利用率为17.16%,钾肥当季利用率为68.97%;生产100 kg马铃薯块茎需从土壤中吸收N 0.58 kg、P2O50.43 kg、K2O 0.40 kg。

To address the bottleneck issue of drought and water scarcity affecting potato nutrient absorption and utilization,a study was conducted on the impact of increasing nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application on the yield and efficiency of potato in dryland under dry farming conditions.The results showed that increasing the application of nitrogen and potassium significantly improved the commercial potato yield and yield of potatoes,which was consistent with potato fertilizer demand;Compared to the non fertilization treatment,the phosphorus free treatment and nitrogen phosphorus potassium treatment increased yield by 45.5%and 70.5%,respectively,net income increased by 274.09 yuan/667 m2 and 432.84 yuan/667 m2,respectively.Research results showed that the comprehensive utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium for potatoes in the current season was 43.53%,the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the current season was 24.01%,the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer in the current season was 17.16%,and the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer in the current season was 68.97%;The production of 100 kilograms of potato tubers requires the absorption of 0.58 kg N,0.43 kg P2O5 and 0.40 kg K2O from the soil.