生成类型学视角下名词性领属结构的微观分析

Micro-analysis of Nominal Possessive Construction from Perspective of Generative Typology

利用句法制图和纳米句法理论对名词性领属结构的生成机制进行分析是一次新的尝试。类型学上领属结构的分类区别主要根据特定形态特征的存在(静默)与否,典型的是无标记型领属结构,它的特征核心是无声(silent)的,因此可以直接并置领有者和被领有者来表达领属关系,而德语一类的领属标记除具备领属特征,还有被领有者的数和人称特征,三种特征同时显现,它们的层级顺序为[PossP[NumP[PersonP]]],这是领属标记的内部结构,整个领属结构的句法层级初步假设如下:[PossP[PRP[PMP]]]。

This paper analyzes the generation mechanism of nominal possessive structure within the frame-work of syntactic cartography and nano-syntax.The typological difference of possessive construction is mainly due to the presence or absence of specific features.One typical type is the unmarked possessive structure,which can directly express the ownership relationship by juxtaposing the possessor and possess-ee.This indicates that the feature of this type is silent,while the German type is on the contrary.It has the possession feature,as well as the number and person feature on the possessum.The hierarchical order is[PossP[NumP[PersonP]]].This is the internal structure of the possession markers.As for the syntactic hi-erarchy of the entire possessive construction,the preliminary assumption is[PossP[PRP[PMP]]].