基于动静态视觉景观评价的观景空间优化研究——以神木市杨家城遗址公园为例

Optimization of Viewing Space Based on Dynamic And Static Visual Landscape Evaluation:Yangjiacheng Heritage Park,Shenmu City

遗址公园是城市公园的一种特殊形式,对追溯城市历史和宣传城市文化有着重要作用。视觉景观评价作为景观资源评定的有效方式,对挖掘潜在观景点、完善现有观景体系、提I升景观视觉感受,进而打造高质量遗址公园有着重要的指导意义。文章以神木市杨家城遗址公园为例,依托地理信息系统(GS),采用主客观、动静态结合的视觉景观评价方法,综合分析动静态两种不同观景状态下观景效果的变化,对相应观景空间的视觉景观资源进行定量化研究;采用美景度评价法(SBE)对数据分析结果进行主观感受校核,从而选取出潜在高质量的观景点,预判各路段现状的主景观和景观丰富程度等,并以此为基础提出公园景观系统的优化完善建议,进一步丰富游览者对遗址公园的游览体验并加深遗址公园的精神文化氛围。

As a special form of urban parks,heritage park traces and exhibits urban history and culture.Visual landscape evaluation is effective in exploring potential view points,integrating landscape system,improving visual experience and thus helps building high quality heritage parks.With Yangjiacheng heritage park as an example,the paper uses subjective-objective,dynamic-static combined visual landscape evaluation method based on GIS,compares viewing effects at dynamic and static states,makes quantitative research on landscape resource of viewing spaces.With the method of scenic beauty evaluation,the paper result is verified with subjective perceptions,then the high quality viewing points are selected and their landscape richness is evaluated.Further optimization suggestions are proposed to improve the sightseeing experience and cultural ambience of heritage parks.