听觉认知训练对老年性聋患者认知功能及生活质量的改善作用

Effects of Auditory Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Senile Deaf Patients

目的分析听觉认知训练对老年性聋患者认知功能及生活质量的改善作用。方法选取上海交通大学附属第六人民医院2019年6月至2020年6月收治的老年性聋患者151例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=75)与研究组(n=76)。对照组进行常规康复训练,研究组实施听觉认知训练。比较两组患者训练前后听觉功能,包括听阈值、老年听力障碍筛查量表(hearing handicap inventory for the elderly-screening,HHIE-S)评分、言语感知能力,认知功能包括蒙特利尔认知评估量表(montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)评分、简易精神状态评价量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分、生活质量(36-item short-form,SF-36评分),分析听阈值、HHIE-S与MoCA、MMSE评分的相关性。结果研究组听阈值、HHIE-S评分低于对照组,识别准确率、MoCA和MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。老年性聋患者听阈值、听觉功能、听觉识别准确率与其认知功能呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05);研究组SF-36评分中生理功能、生理职能、情感职能、社会功能、心理健康、精力、一般健康状况及总体健康评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组躯体疼痛评分无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论老年性聋患者听觉能力与认知功能有密切联系,听觉认知训练有助于改善患者听觉及认知功能,提高生活质量。

Objective To analyze the effects of auditory cognitive training on cognitive function and quality of life of senile deaf patients.Methods 151 cases of presbycusis patients from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected and divided into a control group(N=75)and research group(N=76).The control group received routine rehabilitation training,and the research group received auditory cognitive training.The hearing functions(hearing threshold,HHIE-S score,and hearing ability),cognitive functions(MoCA score and MMSE score),and quality of life(SF-36 score)of the two groups were compared before and after training,and the correlation between the hearing threshold and HHIE-S score and MoCA score and MMSE score was analyzed.Results The recovery of auditory and cognitive functions in the research group was significantly superior to those in the control group(P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between hearing thresholds,hearing functions,and hearing accuracy and cognitive functions in patients with presbycusis(r<0,P<0.05).The SF-36 scores of physiological function,physiological function,emotional function,social function,mental health,energy,general health status and overall health of the research group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in physical pain score between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Hearing ability and cognitive functions are closely related.Hearing cognitive training helps to improve the auditory and cognitive function and improve the quality of life.