供给侧结构性改革下我国民营医院市场份额评价研究

Market share of private hospitals in China in the context of supply-side structural reform

目的 构建民营医院市场份额评价指标体系,综合评价2016年—2020年我国31个省(自治区、直辖市)民营医院市场份额,探寻指标体系的主要影响因素。方法 运用熵权TOPSIS法构建加权决策矩阵,找出有限方案中的最优和最劣方案,计算出各评价对象与最优、最劣方案间的距离,获得评价对象与最优方案的相对接近程度,作为评价排序依据。结果 2016年—2020年我国民营医院市场份额评价值整体水平较低,且31个省(自治区、直辖市)之间综合评价值差异较大。2016年—2020年医疗服务收入占比维度权重均超过或极度接近60%,12个具体指标中,住院病人手术人次数占比、住院药品收入占比和住院检查费用收入占比3个指标在各年度均占较大权重。结论 民营医院市场份额整体水平较低,且地区间差异显著;民营医院自身发展状况、公立医疗资源质量和数量、地区经济发展水平及常住人口数量是影响民营医院市场份额的主要因素。

Objective To develop a market share evaluation index system of private hospitals in China,which was further used to estimate the market shares of private hospitals in 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions across China from 2016 to 2020.In addition,the main influencing factors of the index system were explored.Methods The weighted decision matrix was constructed using the entropy-based Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)to identify the optimal and the worst schemes in the limited scheme.The distances between each evaluation object and the optimal and the worst schemes were calculated,and the relative proximity between the evaluation object and the optimal scheme was obtained as the basis for evaluation ranking.Results From 2016 to 2020,the overall market share of private hospitals was low in China,and the gaps in comprehensive evaluation value were large among 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions.From 2016 to 2020,the weight of the proportion of medical service income exceeded or extremely approached 60%in the index.Among the 12 specific indicators,the proportion of inpatient operations,the proportion of inpatient drug income,and the proportion of inpatient examination income accounted for large weights in each year.Conclusion The overall market share of private hospitals remains low in China,although there are notable diversities among 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions.The main factors affecting the market share of private hospitals include the development status of private hospitals,the quality and quantity of public medical resources,the regional economic development level and the number of permanent residents.