2020-2022年中国登革热时空分布及相关环境因素分析

Spatio-temporal distribution and environmental factors of dengue fever in China,2020-2022

目的分析2020—2022年中国登革热时空分布及环境因素特征。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析中国本地和输入性登革热分布的时空特征以及环境特征。结果2020—2022年中国5个省发生1185例本地病例和19个省发生217例输入性病例。登革热具有季节性特征,本地病例高峰期为9—11月,输入性病例高峰期为6—11月。97.64%的本地病例发生在云南和广西。云南边境缅甸的登革热输入是其登革热本地暴发的主要原因。67.28%的输入性病例分布在广东、福建、云南和浙江,83.41%的输入性病例来自东南亚国家。广东的人口和经济条件是2020—2022年其输入性病例居首位的主要原因。结论我国登革热仍是由输入引起的本地暴发,具有显著的地方性和季节性特征,各地要做好蚊媒、登革热以及相关环境因素监测,贯彻落实蚊媒可持续控制措施。

Objective To analyze the spatio-temporal distribution and environmental factors of dengue fever in China from 2020 to 2022.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method were used to analyze the spatio-temporal and environmental characteristics of indigenous and imported dengue fever in China.Results From 2020 to 2022,a total of 1185 indigenous cases and 217 imported cases were reported in 5 provinces and 19 provinces,respectively.Dengue fever was seasonal,with the highest incidence of indigenous cases from September to November and imported cases from June to November.The majority(97.64%)of indigenous cases occurred in Yunnan and Guangxi,and the local outbreak of dengue fever in Yunnan was mainly caused by imported dengue fever from Myanmar.Moreover,67.28% of imported cases occurred in Guangdong,Fujian,Yunnan,and Zhejiang,and 83.41% of the cases were imported from Southeastern Asian countries.Demographic and economic conditions of Guangdong were responsible for the highest number of imported cases in the province from 2020 to 2022.Conclusion The local outbreaks of dengue fever in China were caused by imported cases,with significant local and seasonal characteristics.It is necessary to monitor mosquito vectors,dengue fever,and related environmental factors in these provinces,and sustainable mosquito vector management measures should be implemented.