多孔磁性钢渣磨料的制备与性能表征

Preparation and characterization of porous magnetic steel slag abrasives

为有效解决钢渣导致的环境污染、资源浪费等问题,开拓钢渣应用的新领域,结合气淬工艺,以钢渣为主要原料制备多孔磁性钢渣磨料,并利用场发射扫描电镜、高性能全自动压汞仪、磁强计等对钢渣磨料的微观形貌、孔隙结构、磁性能及其力学性能、研磨性能进行表征。结果表明:钢渣磨料呈单分散的球形,其表面和截面内存在圆形或椭圆形排列的无序气孔。磨料样品的孔隙率为37%~45%,孔体积为0.18~0.23 mL/g;在外加磁场作用下,随磨料样品粒径增大,其磁滞回线向顺时针方向偏移,且呈一条狭窄的“S”型封闭曲线;磨料样品表现出典型的亚铁磁性,可有效改善铝合金工件表面质量,加工后工件表面粗糙度R_(a)由3.2μm降至0.7μm。

To effectively solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by steel slag and open up a new field of application of steel slag,the porous magnetic steel slag abrasive was prepared by combining the gas quenching process with steel slag as the main raw material.Besides,and the micro-morphology,the pore structure,the magnetic properties,the mechanical properties and the abrasive properties of steel slag abrasive were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope,high-performance automatic mercury porosimeter,magnetometer,etc.The results show that the steel slag abrasive is monodisperse spherical,and there are disordered pores arranged in round or elliptical shape on its surface and cross section.The porosity of abrasive sample is 37% to 45%,and the pore volume is 0.18 to 0.23 mL/g.Under the action of external magnetic field,with the increase of the particle size of the abrasive sample,its hysteresis loop shifts clockwise and presents a narrow“S”type closed curve.The abrasive sample shows typical ferrous magnetism,which can effectively improve the surface quality of aluminum alloy workpiece,and the surface roughness R_(a) of the workpiece is reduced from 3.2μm to 0.7μm.