由“纤琐见长”到“成一家之言”——《南汉春秋》与《南汉书》之撰述路径及学术价值

From Fineness Prominence to One School of Thought:Ways of Compiling and Value of The Spring and Autumn of Southern Han Dynasty and The History of Southern Han Dynasty

刘应麟与梁廷枏先后著成纪传体南汉史,而旨趣不同,所著之书亦表现出不同之面貌。刘著《南汉春秋》,意在“以纤琐见长”,故所重一为“广搜”,一为“分析”。梁著《南汉书》,旨在“成一家言”,故竭力从事于整齐体例、考核异同,并别辑《南汉丛录》《金石志》《文字略》为一书,不使与纪传正文相杂。从“以纤琐见长”到“成一家之言”,反映出一种治学路径,二者皆不可或缺、各有价值,与章学诚由“记注”到“撰述”之理论设想具有相同精神内核。在“成一家之言”成为著述者普遍追求之学术环境中,刘应麟不妄作史而甘为“纤琐”之态度更为可贵。

Liu Yinglin and Liang Tingnan finished the compilation of the biographical history of the Southern Han Dynasty successively.Their books show different styles for different purposes.Liu put emphasis on extensive collection and analysis,and famous for his fineness and triviality.Liang,however,intends to create a book of his own,so he revised the stylistic rules,did textual research and compiled the collection of extra materials,inscriptions and writings to become other books that will not be mixed as main body.Both the fragments and book of one’s own are indispensable and valuable.It is a compiling way to finish a book of one’s own through integrating fragments,which has the same spirit as Zhang Xuecheng’s theory of the historical record and book.Liu’s attitude of being willing to gather fragments rather than writing a book is particularly valuable in the academic context of pursuing creation.