西瓜果实耐裂性的生理基础及其遗传和环境调控

Physiological basis,hereditary and environmental regulation of watermelon fruit cracking resistance

果实开裂是制约西瓜品质和产量的常见问题,能造成严重的经济损失和农业资源流失。目前关于西瓜果实耐裂性机制的相关研究较少,为缓解实际生产中西瓜果实开裂的问题,实现西瓜生产价值的最大化,通过对比西瓜果皮细胞和亚细胞结构,代谢物成分以及相关酶活性,探讨了西瓜果实耐裂程度的生理基础,梳理了西瓜果实耐裂性的细胞结构和代谢物成分基因,内源植物激素及其基因的遗传调控,以及不同品种之间的果实耐裂性差异,并从水分、肥料、温度、光照等环境条件的调控进行综述,对西瓜果实耐裂性研究提出了新的设想,旨在为西瓜耐裂新品种的选育提供参考。

Fruit cracking is a common problem that restricts the quality and yield of watermelon,and can cause serious economic losses and agricultural resource loss.At present,there is relatively little research on the mechanism of watermelon fruit cracking resistance.In order to alleviate the problem of watermelon fruit cracking in actual production and maximize the production value of watermelon,this article explores the physiological basis of watermelon fruit cracking resistance by comparing the cell and subcellular structures,metabolite components,and related enzyme activities of watermelon fruit peel.This article summarizes the cellular structure and metabolite composition genes of watermelon fruit cracking resistance,the genetic regulation of endogenous plant hormones and their genes,and the differences in fruit cracking resistance among different varieties.It also reviews the regulation of environmental conditions such as water,fertilizer,temperature,and light,and proposes new ideas for the study of watermelon fruit cracking resistance,aiming to provide reference for the breeding of new watermelon varieties with cracking resistance.