气候变化背景下荷兰雨洪管理的实践探索

Dutch Practices in Urban Stormwater Management Under Climate Change

【目的】介绍3种多功能防洪策略——防护、储蓄和后退以及概述其在荷兰地区的综合应用。【方法】运用案例分析法分析多功能内陆堤坝、多功能海堤、可淹没广场以及蓄水停车场4种不同防洪实践的特点。【结果】这些实践都将防洪措施(如防洪堤和水库)与停车场、零售商铺、广场和公园等相结合。【结论】开展城市防洪设计时首先应了解当地的水文和生态情况,其次考虑当前的城市规划与发展现状,并结合交通和其他规划需求确定洪水管理的目标。

[Objective] This paper focuses on three multifunctional flood solutions—protection, storage and strategic retreat, and analyzes them in the context of four specific cases in the Netherlands. [Methods] In addition, the paper analyzes the characteristics of four cases, including multifunctional inland levees, multifunctional coastal levees, water plazas, and integrated parking lots and reservoirs. [Results] These cases combine flood protection measures(e.g. levees and reservoirs) with functions such as parking, retail, plazas and parks. [Conclusion] Incorporating transportation and other programmatic demands. Or aspects, such as iconic designs and active edges with retail storefronts, should be considered after the main objectives of flood management have been addressed.