政府干预下数字经济对城乡收入差距的影响

The impact of digital economy on urban-rural income gap under government intervention

协调发展是高质量发展的重要体现,城乡收入分配是协调发展的主要方面,从政府干预的视角重新解读数字经济发展的收入分配效应,对于更好发挥有为政府作用以及促进共同富裕具有重要的现实意义.为探寻数字经济发展对中国城乡收入差距的影响,以及政府干预在数字经济时代下的收入分配效应中扮演的角色,基于包含柯布道格拉斯生产函数以及世代交叠(overlapping generation model,OLG)模型的收入分配理论框架,考察数字经济、政府干预以及城乡收入差距三者间的逻辑关系.理论结果发现,政府的有效干预能够更好地发挥数字经济对城乡收入分配的改善作用.采用普通最小二乘法(ordinary least squares,OLS)和工具变量-两阶段最小二乘法(instrumental variables-two stage least squares,IV-2SLS)等估计方法,基于调节效应模型从实证层面对理论推论进行实证检验.实证分析还发现,数字经济水平越高,对城乡收入差距的边际缩减作用越大;数字经济显著缩小了中国东部地区和西部地区以及2013年后的城乡收入差距,但对中部地区以及2013年前城乡收入差距的抑制效应并不明显.研究结果表明,当前或今后一段时期内,应通过有形之手,大力提高农村地区的数字经济水平,实现有为政府和有效市场的结合,以使得数字经济能够充分发挥其收敛城乡收入差距的普惠性,进一步推动共同富裕.

Coordinated development is an important embodiment of high-quality development.The urban-rural income distribution is the main aspect of coordinated development.Reinterpreting the income distribution effect of the development of digital economy from the perspective of government intervention is of great practical significance to better play the role of′promising government′and promote common prosperity.In order to explore the impact of digital economy development on China′s urban-rural income gap,and the important role of government intervention in the income distribution effect under the digital economy era,based on the theoretical framework of income distribution including the Cobb-Douglas production function and the overlapping generation(OLG)model,the logical relationship between the digital economy,government intervention and the urban-rural income gap is examined in this study.The theoretical results show that effective government intervention can promote the effect of digital economy in improving urban-rural income distribution.Ordinary least squares(OLS)and instrumental variables-two stage least squares(IV-2SLS)estimation methods are used to empirically test the above mentioned-theoretical inferences from the empirical level based on the mediation effect model.The empirical results show that the higher the level of digital economy is,the greater the marginal reduction of urban-rural income gap will be.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the digital economy has significantly narrowed the urban-rural income gap between the eastern and western regions,as well as after 2013,and has less obvious effect on the reduction of urban-rural income gap in the central region and before 2013.The research results show that in the current or future period,we should vigorously improve the digital economy level in rural areas by the visible hand of government,and take practical measures to realize the combination of promising government and efficient market,so that the digital economy can give full play to its inclusiveness of converging urban-rural income gap,and further promote common prosperity.