宽窄行种植对青贮玉米光合特性、产量和品质的影响

Effects of wide and narrow row planting on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of silage maize

【目的】探究适宜晋北高寒冷凉区青贮玉米的种植模式。【方法】选用高寒冷凉区大面积种植的青贮玉米品种大京九23,在种植密度为75000株/hm2下,设置4个宽+窄行种植模式,分别为65 cm+65 cm、80 cm+50 cm、90 cm+40 cm、100 cm+30 cm,对关键生育时期的叶绿素含量、叶面积指数、光合速率(Pn)、产量、植株性状和品质进行测定分析。【结果】不同宽+窄行种植模式下,大京九23各项光合指标、产量和倒伏率均以90 cm+40 cm最佳,与其他宽+窄行模式相比差异显著(P<0.05);90 cm+40 cm、65 cm+65 cm、80 cm+50 cm种植模式的青贮玉米品质均符合国家品质一级标准。【结论】密度为75000株/hm2时,青贮玉米大京九23的最佳种植模式为90 cm+40 cm。

【Objective】To explore the suitable planting mode for silage maize in the high altitude low temperature areas of northern Shanxi.【Methods】Using the silage maize variety Dajingjiu 23 wildly planted in the high altitude low temperature areas,at the planting density of 75000 plants/hm2,four wide and narrow row planting modes were set up:65 cm+65 cm,80 cm+50 cm,90 cm+40 cm and 100 cm+30 cm.The chlorophyll content,leaf area index,photosynthetic rate(Pn),yield,plant traits and quality in each key growth period were measured and analyzed.【Results】Under different wide and narrow row planting modes,the photosynthetic indexes,yield and lodging rate under 90 cm+40 cm planting mode were the best,and significantly(P<0.05)different from other planting modes.The quality of silage maize grown in planting modes of 90 cm+40 cm,65 cm+65 cm,and 80 cm+50 cm met the national first level quality standards.【Conclusion】At the planting density of 75000 plants/hm2,the optimal planting mode for silage maize Dajingjiu23 was 90 cm+40 cm.