不同采烤成熟度对云烟87上部叶烘烤质量的影响

Effects of Different Harvesting and Curing Maturity on the Flue-curing Qualityof Upper Leaves of Yunyan 87

为确定滇南低山丘陵某烟叶主烟区云烟87上部烟叶合理的采烤成熟度,采用对比试验,设计不同采烤成熟度(工艺成熟前10 d一次性采烤、工艺成熟时一次性采烤、工艺成熟后推迟10 d一次性采烤)对烤烟上部6片叶烤后烟叶经济性状、外观质量、物理性状、化学成分和感官质量的影响进行了研究。结果表明:上部6片叶在工艺成熟时采烤的外观质量、经济性状、物理性状、化学成分和感官质量为最佳;其次为上部6片叶工艺成熟后推迟10 d采烤,烟叶成熟度达到完熟-过熟,烤后烟叶糖碱比值更适宜,蛋白质、烟碱等含量较低,工业可用性好于工艺成熟前10 d采烤处理。综合考虑上部叶烤后烟叶的经济性状以及工业可用性,滇南低山丘陵烟区云烟87上部6片叶采烤时期应选择在上部顶4~6叶达到完熟、顶1~3叶达到成熟时进行为宜。

In order to determine the reasonable harvesting and curing maturity of the upper leaves of Yunyan 87 in the low mountain and hilly tobacco area of Southern Yunnan,by using the comparative experiment,the effects of different harvesting and curing maturity(one-time harvesting and curing 10 days before the technology maturity,one-time harvesting and curing when the technology was mature,and one-time harvesting and curing 10 days after the technology maturity)on the economic traits,appearance quality,physical properties,chemical composition and sensory quality of the upper 6 leaves of flue-cured tobacco were studied.The results showed that the appearance quality,economic traits,physical properties,chemical composition and sensory quality of the upper 6 leaves of flue-cured tobacco were the best when the technology was mature.Secondly,the upper 6 leaves were harvested and cured 10 days after the technology maturity,and the maturity of the tobacco leaves reached complete maturity to over maturity.The sugar-nicotine ratio of the flue-cured tobacco leaves was more suitable,and the contents of protein and nicotine were lower,and the industrial availability was better than that harvested and cured 10 days before the technology maturity.By comprehensively considering the economic traits and industrial usability of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco leaves,the upper 6 leaves of Yunyan 87 in the low mountain and hilly tobacco area of Southern Yunnan should be harvested and cured when the upper top 4-6 leaves reached full maturity and the top 1-3 leaves reached maturity.