基于信息寻求模型的老年2型糖尿病患者健康信息寻求行为现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the status quo and influencing factors of health information seeking behavior in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes based on CMIS model

目的了解老年2型糖尿病患者健康信息寻求现状及影响因素。方法采用方便抽样选取2022年1月至8月期间,安徽省两所三甲医院465名老年2型糖尿病患者,采用2型糖尿病患者一般资料调查问卷,健康信息寻求行为量表(HISB),健康信息素养自测量表(HILSS),糖尿病自我效能量表(C-DMSES)进行调查。结果老年2型糖尿病患者HISB总得分(3.30±0.40)分、健康信息寻求行为态度(3.60±0.71)分、信息需求(3.99±0.55)分、信息来源(2.93±0.59)分、健康信息获取障碍(2.57±0.76)分;路径分析显示,自我效能、寻求社会支持、教育程度、健康信息素养、健康信息理解、健康信息信任、年龄、月收入、居住地、健康自评直接影响老年患者健康信息寻求行为(P<0.05)。教育程度可通过健康信息理解、健康信息信任间接对健康信息寻求行为形成影响;健康信息素养可通过健康信息信任,间接影响健康信息寻求行为(P<0.05)。结论老年2型糖尿病患者健康信息寻求行为总体水平偏低。需开展以医护人员为主导,患者健康信息需求为导向,医患合作的多形式健康教育,加强对患者健康信息寻求行为的干预和指导。

Objective To understand the current situation,influencing factors and paths of health information seeking in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 465 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in two tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province from January to August 2022.T2DM patients'general information questionnaire,health information seeking behavior scale(HISB),health information literacy self-test scale(HILSS),diabetes self-efficacy scale(C-DMSES)were used.SPSS25 and Mplus 8.3 software were used for data analysis.Results The total HISB score of the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes was(3.30±0.40),the behavior and attitude of seeking health information was(3.60±0.71),the information demand was(3.99±0.55),the information source was(2.93±0.59)and the health information acquisition obstacle was(2.57±0.76);Path analysis shows that self-efficacy,seeking social support,education level,health information literacy,health information understanding,health information trust,age,monthly income,residence,and health self-assessment directly affect elderly patients'health information seeking behavior(P<0.05).Education level can indirectly influence health information seeking behavior through health information understanding and health information trust;Health information literacy can indirectly affect health information seeking behavior through health information trust(P<0.05).Conclusion The general level of health information seeking behavior of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is low.It is necessary to carry out multiple forms of health education led by medical personnel,guided by patients'health information needs and strengthen intervention and guidance on patients'health information seeking behavior through doctor-patient cooperation.