慈禧皇太后膳食空间的构建研究——以故宫体和殿为例

Construction of the Spatial Space for Dining of Dowager Cixi--A Case Study on the Palace of Harmonious Conduct in Forbidden City

目前所见储秀宫为光绪九年重修,由南至北依次为翊坤宫、体和殿、储秀宫及丽景轩,为一个四进院落。慈禧皇太后于光绪十年至二十年居此,并于体和殿用膳。体和殿面阔五间,东西各有配殿,这一区域装饰以隐喻与象征相结合的形式呈现了一个以福寿绵长为主题的富有吉祥寓意的空间。建筑内部根据内廷传膳的惯例及慈禧太后的个人习惯进行布局与陈设,兼具生活的舒适性与礼制的庄严感。旨在以二重证据法,结合实地考察收获与历史档案记载,探讨慈禧皇太后在其五旬万寿之际对其膳食空间的设计与思考。

The Palace of Gathered Elegance(Chuxiu Gong),rebuilt in 1883,the fiftieth year of Guangxu's reign(1895–1908),had four halls and three enclosed open courtyards,which were named the Palace of Earthly Honor(Yikun Gong),the Palace of Harmonious Conduct(Tihe Dian),the Palace of Gathered Elegance(Chuxiu Gong),and the Gate of Beautiful Viewpoints(Lijing Xuan)from south to north.When Dowager Cixi lived there from 1884–1894,the Palace of Harmonious Conduct(Tihe Dian)was her dining room.There are five rooms in the palace and two side halls on both sides of it.The decor of this palace is a combination of metaphor and symbol aimed at enjoying long life and good fortune,and the interior of the building was laid out and furnished according to the customs of imperial court meals and the personal habits of the Dowager Cixi,with both the comfort of life and the solemnity of ritual.This paper aims to discuss the design and thinking of the Dowager Cixi's dietary space on the occasion of her 50th birthday by using the double evidence method,integrating the harvest of field investigation and historical records.