礼貌语言生成机制的语用视点研究

Research on the Generative Mechanism of Polite Language from Pragmatic Perspective

语言是否礼貌?礼貌语言是否总表示礼貌?其取效究竟受什么制约?从语用视点的研究范式探究其生成机制,发现礼貌语言的形成过程体现了说话者对听话者价值观、信仰等的尊重,体现了说话者对听话者态度和情感的关照;体现了说话者是如何通过缩短空间距离来拉近彼此的心理距离,或者通过故意扩大时间或空间距离来减少对听话者的心理伤害程度;体现了说话者如何通过知觉视点运行轨迹中的顺序变化来减少对听话者的伤害以及通过叙述视点的变化达到礼貌功效的生成机制。

Is a certain language polite or not?Is a polite language always polite or not?And what elements decide the effect of polite language?This paper,from perspective of pragmatic perspective,explores the mechanism of how the politeness comes into being.It is uncovered that the formation of politeness reflects the speaker’s respect for the listener’s value,belief and so on,the speaker’s care about the attitude and the emotion toward the listener,how speaker makes the mental distance shorter by narrowing the space,or reduces the listener’s psychological harm by broadening the space or time distance,and how the speaker reduces the listener’s harm by the change of perceptual point of view’s order and how to be polite by the change of narrative point of view.