大断面巷道快速开口施工工艺优化

Optimization of Construction Technology for Rapid Opening of Large Section Roadway

针对正明煤矿上煤组集中辅运巷施工时因巷道断面大,导致在施工过程中掘进效率低、掘进后煤矸运输难度大以及围岩控制效果差等技术难题,通过技术研究,决定对巷道开口前30 m采取分层聚能爆破施工工艺,并对开口处巷道顶板采取钢棚砌碹为主、超前支护为辅的综合围岩控制技术。通过实际应用效果来看,采取分层聚能爆破施工后,解决了全断面一次性光面爆破时爆破震动大、爆破效果差等难题,采取综合围岩控制技术后,提高了巷道开口阶段围岩稳定性,大断面巷道掘进速度由原来的3.2 m/d提高至6.0 m/d,取得了显著应用成效。

In view of the technical problems such as low excavation efficiency,difficult transportation of coal gangue after excavation and poor control effect of surrounding rock caused by the large section of the roadway during the construction of the centralized auxiliary haulage roadway in the upper coal group of Zhengming Coal Mine,through technical research,it is decided to adopt the layered shaped energy blasting construction technology for 30 m before the opening of the roadway,and adopt the comprehensive surrounding rock control technology of steel shed arch construction and advanced support for the roof of the roadway at the opening.According to the actual application effect,after the layered shaped charge blasting construction,the problems of large blasting vibration and poor blasting effect during the full-section one-time smooth blasting were solved.After the comprehensive surrounding rock control technology was adopted,the stability of surrounding rock at the opening stage of the roadway was improved,and the excavation speed of the large-section roadway was increased from 3.2 m/d to 6.0 m/d,and remarkable application results were achieved.