灵活运行空冷机组频域自适应背压控制与优化

Adaptive back pressure control and optimization in frequency domain for flexible operation air cooling unit

在“双碳”目标驱动能源转型背景下,针对灵活运行空冷火电机组变工况频繁导致的汽轮机背压调节品质问题,提出一种频域自适应PID控制算法。考虑变工况模型的实用性与精确性,基于机组现场运行数据,采用改进粒子群算法对空冷机组多工况进行动态系统辨识,然后基于多工况运行被控对象的标称模型,采用传递函数组态方式自适应方法,实时计算PID控制器的优化参数,以适应灵活运行下被控对象模型参数的变化,克服了PID控制器结构以及参数固定导致的控制品质问题。仿真结果表明,频域自适应PID控制器可以很好地跟踪负荷不同工况点下模型参数的变化,使得背压控制一直保持良好的控制品质。

In the context of energy transition driven by“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”,an adaptive PID control algorithm in frequency domain is proposed to solve the quality problem of steam turbine back pressure regulation caused by frequent change of operating conditions in flexible air-cooled thermal power units.Considering the practicality and accuracy of the variable working condition model,on the basis of the site operation data,the improved particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to identify the dynamic system of multiple working conditions of the air cooling unit.Then,based on the nominal model of the controlled object operated under multiple working conditions,the transfer function configuration mode adaptive method is employed to calculate and optimize the parameters of PID controller in real time,thus to adapt to the change of model parameters of the controlled object under flexible operation and overcome the control quality problems caused by PID controller structure and fixed parameters.The simulation results show that,the adaptive PID controller in frequency domain can well track the variation of model parameters under different load conditions,which makes the back pressure control keep good control quality.