实践智慧视角医者职业公德与私德关系探究

Research on Relationship Between Doctor'Professional Morality and Private Morality from the Perspective of Practical Wisdom

医德的养成包括两个方面,即在医患交往中职业公德的教育与个人美德的养成。医者的德性不仅是纯粹的个人道德,多数是基于医患关系中“维系着他者联系”的职业公德。事实上,医者在医疗服务活动中需要处理和回应医患交往的互动,需要以正确的行为方式将职业公德和个人美德把握建构在一个适当“度”的范围中,也就是,医者实践智慧的德性和能力。医术的接受者——患者及其亲属,在现实中,不仅式微而且缺乏主动与医学专业技术的对话和互动力量,相当程度上缺失专业医学知识,患者对医疗期望值过高,从医生的职业道德出发,既要遵守医学的科学指南和职业公德,同时也要兼顾患者的意愿和期望,运用实践智慧平衡医疗利益与风险的度量,作出适合医疗案例的正确合适方案,以期取得良好的医疗效果。患者对医疗的美好愿望受到医学科学技术发展程度的限定。一个稳定成熟的医患关系需要以成人、成物、成己为导向,坚守好医者作为职业人的职业公德,在为义务而履行其职责中大力提倡职业公德,并提升医者个人实践智慧德性能力。从医疗透视医学智慧的实践,从医者个人品德和职业公德的协调发展来把握医者实践的智慧,探究医者私德与职业公德在推动“仁爱之术”建构中的思考和表达。

The cultivation of medical ethics includes two aspects,namely,the education of professional ethics in the doctor-patient communication and the cultivation of personal virtues.The morality of doctors is not only a pure personal morality,but mostly based on the professional ethics of maintaining the connection with the others in the doctor-patient relationship.In fact,doctors need to deal with and respond to the interaction of doctor-patient communication in medical service activities,and construct professional ethics and personal virtues within an appropriate degree range in correct behavior ways,that is,the virtue and ability of doctors'practical wisdom.In reality,medical recipients of medical skills(patients and their relatives)not only decline but also lack of active dialogue and interaction power with medical professionals.There is a considerable lack of professional medical knowledge and patients have high medical expectations.Starting from the doctor's professional ethics,it is necessary to not only abide by the medical scientific guidelines and professional ethics,but also take into account patients'wishes and expectations,use practical wisdom to balance the measurement of medical benefits and risk,and make correct and appropriate scheme suitable for medical cases,with a view to achieving good medical effect.Patients'good wishes for medical treatment are limited by the development degree of medical science and technology.A stable and mature doctor-patient relationship needs to be oriented towards fulfilling others,everything except oneself,and oneself.It is necessary to stick to the professional ethics of doctors as professionals,vigorously advocate professional ethics in performing their duties for the sake of obligations,and improve the doctors'personal practical wisdom and virtue ability.Exploring the practice of medical wisdom from the perspective of medical treatment,grasping the wisdom of medical practice through the coordinated development of medical personal morality and professional ethics to explore the reflection and expression of doctors'private ethics and professional ethics in promoting the construction of the art of benevolence.