中国情境下数字化转型前因组态和提升路径分析

Analysis on Antecedent Configuration and Promotion Path of Digital Transformation in China Context

我国“十四五”规划明确提出加快数字化发展,但目前数字化转型相关研究多集中于单一维度分析,情境与实际不符,因此从组态视角,比较分析企业数字化转型多重影响因素的组态效应,为揭示我国企业高数字化转型强度的多元路径及其作用机制提供理论与实践参考。以2010—2020年沪深两市中100家上市企业为研究样本,采用大数据文本识别手段刻画企业数字化转型强度,检验资源基础、动态能力、行业竞争强度、环境不确定性、高管风险偏好、企业文化6个条件及不同条件组态对转型成效的效应,分析多重因素影响企业数字化转型的复杂因果机制。结果发现:(1)单个数字化转型要素条件并不构成数字化转型高成效的必要条件;(2)存在5条驱动企业高数字化转型的路径;(3)环境不确定性程度要素对动态能力要素有一定的替代性,动态能力要素对资源基础要素有一定的替代作用,行业竞争强度要素对动态能力要素有替代性。最后根据研究发现,对我国企业数字化转型提出优化环境评估体系、增强环境识别能力,创新企业文化体系、提升高管领导力,优化资源配置、提高企业动态能力等建议。

The acceleration of digital development is clearly emphasized in China's 14th Five-Year Plan,but most current research on digital transformation is one-dimensional and does not reflect the actual situation.As a result,from the configuration perspective,this paper compares and analyzes the configuration effects of multiple factors affecting the digital transformation of enterprises,so as to provide theoretical and practical reference for revealing the multiple path and action mechanism of the high digital transformation intensity of Chinese enterprises.Taking 100 listed enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen in 2010-2020 as the research sample,the big data text recognition method is adopted to describe the intensity of digital transformation of enterprises,it tests the effect of six conditions of resource base,dynamic ability,industry competition intensity,environmental uncertainty,executive risk preference and corporate culture,and different conditions on the effectiveness of the transformation,analyzes the complex causal mechanism of multiple factors affecting the enterprise digital transformation.The results show that:(1) Individual digital transformation element conditions do not constitute the necessary conditions for the high effectiveness of digital transformation.(2)There are five paths to drive the high digital transformation of enterprises.(3) The degree of environmental uncertainty elements have a certain substitution to the dynamic ability elements,the dynamic ability elements have a certain substitution effect on the resource basic elements,and the elements of industry competition intensity have a substitution to the dynamic ability elements.Finally,according to the research findings,suggestions are put forward on optimizing environmental evaluation system of Chinese enterprises,enhancing environmental identification ability,innovating corporate culture system,improving executive leadership,optimizing resource allocation and enhancing enterprise dynamic ability in the digital transformation of Chinese enterprises.