1652例患儿下呼吸道感染病毒谱及流行病学特征调查

Investigation on virological spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of 1652 children with lower respiratory infections

目的了解下呼吸道病毒感染患儿病原学及流行病学特征。方法收集2017年1月至2019年12月住院治疗的1652例下呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽拭子和气管内抽吸物标本,采用xTAG呼吸道病毒多重检测试剂盒对腺病毒(ADV)、鼻病毒(EV)、甲型流感病毒(IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(IFVB)、副流感病毒(PIV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和人类冠状病毒NL63(hCoV NL63)等7种常见呼吸道病毒进行检测,对病原学及流行病学特征进行分析。结果1652例患儿中,男性1029例、女性623例;患儿年龄0~14(4.71±1.35)岁。1652例患儿呼吸道病毒阳性检出率为31.96%,其中男、女性患儿下呼吸道病毒检出率分别为32.55%(335/1029)和30.98%(193/623),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.215,P>0.05)。72.92%的鼻咽拭子和气管内抽吸物样本中检出1种呼吸道病毒、27.08%的样本检出2种及以上病毒,检出的呼吸道病毒以RSV(51.89%)和EV(12.12%)最为常见。0~<1岁、1~<3岁、3~<7岁和7~14岁患儿呼吸道病毒阳性检出率分别为35.42%、3.98%、22.92%和18.18%,不同年龄组患儿呼吸道病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=38.215,P<0.05)。不同季节患儿呼吸道病毒检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=230.458,P<0.05),以冬季下呼吸道病毒检出率最高(49.81%)。结论2017-2019年丽水地区患儿下呼吸道病毒以RSV和EV为主,患儿下呼吸道病毒检出率具有年龄、性别和季节特异性分布特征。

Objective To investigate the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of children with lower respiratory tract infections.Methods Nasopharyngeal swab and endotracheal aspirate samples were collected from 1652 hospitalized children with lower respiratory infections from January 2017 to December 2019.Seven common respiratory viruses were tested in these clinical samples using the xTAG respiratory viral panel,including adenovirus(ADV),rhinovirus(EV),influenza virus A(IFVA),influenza virus B(IFVB),parainfluenza virus(PIV),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and human coronavirus NL63(hCoV NL63).The etiological and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed.Results The 1652 children included 1029 males and 623 females,and had a mean age of(4.71±1.35)years(range,0 to 14 years).The overall positive rate of respiratory viruses was 31.96%among 1652 children,and the detection of respiratory viruses was 32.55%(335/1029)among male children and 30.98%(193/623)among female children(χ^(2)=6.215,P0.05).A single respiratory virus was detected among 72.92%of nasopharyngeal swab and endotracheal aspirate samples,and two and more viruses were tested among 27.08%of clinical samples.RSV(51.89%)and EV(12.12%)were the two most common respiratory viruses detected.The detection of respiratory viruses were 35.42%,3.98%,22.92%and 18.18%among children at ages of 0 to 1 years,1 to 3 years,3 to 7 years and 7 to 14 years,and there was a significant difference measured among children at various age groups(χ^(2)=38.215,P0.05).In addition,there was a significant difference in the detection of respiratory viruses detected at different seasons(χ^(2)=230.458,P0.05),and the highest detection of respiratory viruses was found in winter(49.81%).Conclusion RSV and EV were the two most common respiratory viruses among children with lower respiratory tract infections in Lishui City from 2017 to 2019,and there were age-,gender-and season-specific detection of respiratory viruses among the children.