2016-2020年河南省吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果

Results of HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance among drug users in Henan province,2016-2020

目的 分析2016-2020年河南省艾滋病监测哨点吸毒人群行为特征及艾滋病病毒(HIV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染状况和变化趋势,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法 2016-2020年每年4-6月在河南省7个强制戒毒所对新入所的吸毒者开展连续横断面调查,并采集血样进行HIV、TP和HCV抗体检测。结果 共调查13 386人,平均年龄从2016年的(35.6±8.7)岁上升至2020年的(40.3±9.3)岁(F=158.66,P<0.05)。2020年传统毒品、新型毒品和混合毒品使用者构成比分别是49.9%(1 243/2 490)、34.9%(870/2 490)和15.1%(377/2 490),曾注射毒品的比例为21.2%(529/2 490)。2016-2020年,最近一年有商业性行为的比例(χ_(趋势)^(2)=125.26,P<0.05)和最近一次商业性行为使用安全套的比例(χ_(趋势)^(2)=58.68,P<0.05)均呈上升趋势。2016-2020年,HIV抗体阳性率分别为0.0%、0.2%、0.1%、0.2%和0.0%,均处于较低水平;TP抗体阳性率分别为3.1%、2.6%、3.2%、2.0%和1.6%,呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=14.49,P<0.05);HCV抗体阳性率由2016年的4.1%上升到2020年的7.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ_(趋势)^(2)=48.57,P<0.05)。结论 2016-2020年河南省吸毒者中HIV、TP和HCV抗体阳性率均处于较低水平,但存在经性接触传播HIV和TP的风险。

Objective To understand the behavioral characteristics and trends on the prevalences of HIV,treponema pallidum(TP),and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections among drug users,under HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance in Henan from 2016 to 2020,and provide evidence for the formulation of intervention measures.Methods From 2016 to 2020,a continuous cross-sectional survey was conducted among all drug abusers newly entering the compulsory drug rehabilitation centers in Henan,and blood samples were collected for HIV,TP and HCV antibody detection.Results A total of 13386 drug addicts were investigated in the drug rehabilitation center.The average age increased from(35.6±8.7)years in 2016 to(40.3±9.3)years in 2020(F=158.66,P<0.05).Other demographic characteristics were relatively stable.In 2020,the proportions of the traditional drugs users,new drug users and mixed drug users were 49.9%(1243/2490),34.9%(870/2490)and 15.1%(377/2490),respectively.The proportion of those having injecting drugs history was 21.2%(529/2490).During 2016-2020,36.3%(497/1368)had commercial sex in the latest year,and 92.4%(460/497)had condom use in the last commercial sex,both of which showed an increasing trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=125.26,P<0.05 and Xrunu=58.68,P<0.05).From 2016 to 2020,the positive rate of HIV antibody were 0.0%,0.2%,0.1%,0.2%and 0.0%,respectively,and the positive rates of TP antibody were 3.1%,2.6%,3.2%,2.0%and 1.6%,respectively,showing a linear downward trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=14.49,P<0.05).The positive rate of HCV antibody increased from 4.1%in 2016 to 7.7%in 2020,showing a linear upward trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=48.57,P<0.05).Conclusions From 2016 to 2020,the positive rates of HIV,TP and HCV antibodies among drug users in Henan were at a low level.However,there was a risk of sexual transmission of HIV and TP.