基于地理探测器的新疆A级旅游景区时空演变特征及其影响机理

Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and influence mechanism of Xinjiang A-grade tourist attractions based on geo-detector

基于地理学的时空视角,选取2011、2015和2019年新疆A级旅游景区数据,运用最近邻指数、核密度分析和标准差椭圆法,分析新疆A级旅游景区的时空演变特征,并采用地理探测器和缓冲区分析进行A级景区空间分异影响因素的识别和影响机理的分析。结果表明,研究期内新疆A级旅游景区的数量大幅度增加,空间分布呈现显著的空间集聚特征,集聚程度由减弱到增强;A级景区的空间分布呈现“东北—西南”方向,景区空间分布中心大致向西南方向移动;A级旅游景区的集聚密度和范围不断扩大,景区密度的区域差异显著,空间格局从“以乌昌为单核心的一极多点”逐步向“各地景区蓬勃发展,遍地开花”转变;自然环境、旅游资源本底、社会经济环境和政策环境对新疆A级旅游景区的空间分布特征均有显著影响且影响程度和机理存在差异,社会经济环境和政策环境对景区空间分异的作用强度不断增强,自然旅游资源对景区空间分异的影响相对人文旅游资源的影响强度更大,自然环境的作用强度有所减弱。

Based on the spatial and temporal perspective of geography and the data of Xinjiang A-grade tourist attractions in three time nodes(2011,2015,2019),this paper uses spatial analysis methods such as nearest neighbor index,standard deviation ellipse,and kernel density analysis to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of tourist attractions.Geo-detector and buffer analysis are used to identify the factors affecting spatial heterogeneity and the influence mechanism.The results indicate that the number of Xinjiang A-grade tourist attractions increases significantly during the study period.Besides,the spatial distribution characteristics of A-grade tourist attractions show a cluster state with the degree of cluster from weakening to increasing.The spatial distribution of the A-grade tourist attractions shows a“NE-SW”direction,the spatial distribution center of tourist attractions moves roughly to the southwest;The cluster density and scope of A-grade tourist attractions have expanded,and the density of tourist attractions has significant regional differences.The spatial pattern has gradually shifted from“one pole and multiple points with Urumqi-Chang as the core”to“The number of tourist attractions in each region increased more evenly”.The natural environment,tourism resources,socio-economic environment and policy environment all have a significant impact on the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of Xinjiang A-grade tourist attractions.Moreover,the influence intensity of socio-economic environment and policy environment has been increasing.The effect of natural tourism resources on the spatial differentiation of scenic spots is greater than that of human tourism resources,while the impact of natural environment has weakened.