基于汽车客运班次的新疆城市网络特征

Characteristics of Xinjiang urban network based on intercity bus flows

用交通流替代传统的属性数据表征城市间的社会经济联系,可以更直接真实地反映城市网络特征。基于汽车客运班次数据选取新疆88个县市,从联系强度、网络节点特征角度刻画新疆城市网络的格局与特征,利用模块化分析对城市网络进行区域划分,识别其内部的关联结构。研究表明:1)公路客运联系以近域联系为主,联系强度呈现出明显的等级特征。2)新疆城市网络节点的极化特征明显,空间结构差异较大,高层级节点城市呈现出沿高速公路干线分布的特征,尤其沿天山北坡交通干线分布较为集中。北疆区域的空间集聚能力整体高于南疆,尤以乌鲁木齐最强。3)新疆城市网络被划分为10个“城市组团”,具有行政边界效应、组团效应和大城市溢出效应。综上,新疆城市网络特征总体呈现出以乌鲁木齐为核心,以伊宁、库尔勒、和田、喀什、奎屯为区域中心的“一核五心”的局面,主要受到城市等级与地理距离在空间上相互叠加作用的影响。

From the perspective of flow space,Compared with the traditional attribute data,the traffic flow data can characterize the socio-economic connections between cities more directly and objectively.And traffic flow is a kind of data flow commonly used to reflect city network.This paper selects 88 counties and cities in Xinjiang based on highway passenger flows,and describes the pattern and characteristics of Xinjiang’s urban network from the perspectives of connection strength and network node characteristics and then uses modularity class to segment the urban networks and identify its internal correlation structures.The results show that:1)The highway passenger transport connection is mainly near area connection,and the connection intensity shows obvious grade characteristics.2)The extreme characteristics of urban network nodes in Xinjiang are significantly unbalanced,and the spatial structure is quite different.The high-level node cities present the characteristics of distribution along the main highway,especially the main traffic distribution along the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain.The spatial agglomeration capacity of northern Xinjiang is higher than that of southern Xinjiang,and Urumqi is the strongest.Urumqi is the strongest,followed by Yining,Kashgar,and Kuitun,Korla is weaker,and Hotan has the weakest spatial agglomeration capacity.3)The Xinjiang urban network is divided into 10“city groups”,which have reflecting the city’s agglomeration and diffusion capabilities,with administrative boundary effects,group effects,and big city spillover effects.In summary,the overall characteristics of Xinjiang’s urban network show a situation of““one core and five centers””with Urumqi as the core and Yining,Korla,Hotan,Kashgar,and Kuitun as the regional centers,which is mainly affected by the superposition of the city level and geographical distance in space.