昌黎黄金海岸国家级自然保护区春、夏季浮游动物群落结构与环境因子的相关性

Relationship between zooplankton community structure and environmental factors of Changli Golden Coast National Nature Reserve in spring and summer

为了解昌黎黄金海岸国家级自然保护区近岸海域浮游动物的群落结构及其与环境因子的关系,于2019年春季(5月)和夏季(8月)进行了两次生态环境综合调查。结果表明:春、夏两航次共鉴定浮游动物16种、浮游幼虫12类,合计种类28个。春季浮游动物平均丰度和生物量(175 ind./m^(3)和24.53 mg/m^(3))均明显低于夏季(1 511 ind./m^(3)和229.98 mg/m^(3)),季节变化显著。Shannon-Wiener生物多样性指数夏季(2.00)低于春季(2.48),Pielou均匀度指数夏季(0.54)也低于春季(0.78)。典范对应分析显示,盐度、氨氮、pH、化学需氧量、亚硝酸盐和透明度是影响浮游动物群落结构变化的重要环境因子。与历史数据对比,调查海域浮游动物种数和生物量呈下降趋势,主要优势种基本一致。

In order to understand the community structure of zooplankton and its relationship with environmental factors of the coastal water of Changli Golden Coast National Nature Reserve,two comprehensive ecological and environmental surveys were conducted in spring(May)and summer(August),2019.In total,16 species of zooplankton and 12 species of planktonic larvae were identified on two cruises in spring and summer,and 28 species were identified.The mean abundance and biomass of zooplankton in spring(175 ind./m^(3) and 24.53 mg/m^(3))were significantly lower than those in summer(1511 ind./m^(3)and 229.98 mg/m^(3)).The Shannon-Wiener Biodiversity Index in summer(2.00)was lower than that in spring(2.48),and the Pielou evenness index in summer(0.54)was also lower than that in spring(0.78).Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the salinity,NH_(4)^(-)N,pH,COD_(Mn),NO_(2)-N and transparency were important environmental factors affecting the community structure of zooplankton.Compared with the historical data,the number and biomass of zooplankton in the investigated sea area showed a downward trend,but the main dominant species were basically consistent with the previously reported.