世界体系的政治哲学话语与马克思的叙事革命

The Political Philosophical Discourse of the World System and Marx's Narrative Revolution

马克思对维也纳体系的批判不仅集中于表层的国际事件分析领域,更进入到了深层的政治哲学领域,实现了对世界体系问题的哲学重释。一方面,通过对黑格尔君主主权论的批判,撕下了正统主义的意识形态伪装,彻底推翻了俄普奥等君主政体维系欧洲反动秩序的合法性;另一方面,通过对英国均势原则的批判,深入到维也纳体系的现代本质之中,揭示出日益资本化的国际关系的显著特征和固有矛盾。这种批判之所以是政治哲学的,第一,它将讨论追溯到构成世界体系的基本单位、普遍原则和根本前提;第二,它的最终目标是建构新型国际秩序,即一种合乎国家间正义原则的文明新形态。

Marx's criticism of Vienna System not only focused on the superficial analysis of international events,but also entered into the deeper field of political philosophy,realizing a philosophical reinterpretation of the world system.On the one hand,by criticizing Hegel's theory of monarchical sovereignty,he tore off the ideological camouflage of orthodoxy and completely overthrew the legitimacy of the Russian Empire,Kingdom of Prussia,Grand Duchy of Austria and other monarchies to maintain the reactionary order in Europe.On the other hand,through his critique of the British principle of balance of power,he penetrated into the modern essence of Vienna system and revealed the prominent characteristics and inherent contradictions of the increasingly capitalized international relations.This critique is political philosophical because,firstly,it traces the discussion back to the basic units,universal principles,and fundamental premises that constitute the world system;and secondly,its ultimate goal is the construction of a new international order,a new form of civilization in conformity with the principles of justice among nations.